Sitework and earthwork
Caliche ripping, rock excavation, mass grading and utility trenching quantities for Maricopa County sites.
CY · LF · TONPhoenix issued 10,395 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, 70% of them multifamily. We produce division-organized takeoffs and estimates for bidders, builders and owners across Maricopa County.
Caliche and expansive clay soils driving deep footings and post-tension slabs, extreme summer heat affecting concrete placement and roofing schedules, 70% multifamily permit share pushing podium and wrap construction, semiconductor and data-center megaprojects competing for labor, and ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor pricing across Maricopa County.
Phoenix is the largest residential permitting city in Arizona, and its 2025 numbers show why estimating here is not a copy-paste exercise. The city issued 10,395 new privately-owned residential units, up 16% from 8,997 the year before, with 7,241 of those units — about 70% — in multifamily buildings. That mix means podium slabs, post-tension decks, Type III and Type V wood over concrete, and long MEP rough-in sequences, not just tract house takeoffs. We price those assemblies with ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor data and deliver Excel and PDF files organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets.
Maricopa County soils and climate shape the quantities. Caliche layers push footing depths and require rock excavation allowances; expansive clays drive post-tension slab design and moisture conditioning; summer heat governs concrete cure schedules, roofing crew productivity and exterior painting windows. On the commercial side, the Phoenix metro leads the state in semiconductor and data-center megaprojects, which pulls electricians, pipefitters and concrete finishers and moves labor rates during bid season. If you are bidding in Mesa, Chandler or Tucson, the same rules apply with different labor curves — see our Arizona construction estimating coverage or send plans through Get an estimate.
For bidders. You need a number you can defend in a bid opening. We return division-organized quantities with marked-up plans so you can trace every cubic yard, linear foot and ton back to the sheet it came from, usually in 24–48 hours.
For builders. You are buying out trades and tracking change orders. Our takeoffs give you clean scope lines by CSI division, so you can compare subcontractor quotes against a single quantity baseline instead of three different formats.
For owners. You are testing a pro forma or a conceptual budget before design is complete. We build estimates from schematic sets using RSMeans data adjusted to the project ZIP code, so early decisions rest on local pricing rather than national averages.
Select a bar to compare Phoenix with the largest Arizona markets we cover.
10,395 new housing units in 2025 (+15.5% vs 2024).
3,154 single-family · 7,241 multifamily (70%).
Of the 10,395 residential units permitted in Phoenix in 2025, 7,241 were multifamily — about 70% — against 3,154 single-family. Permitted value reached $2.1B, an average of $197,400 per unit, and the city ranked 1 of 24 covered state cities by units, holding 27.9% of Arizona's 37,209 total. For bidders, that means the bulk of scoped work sits in podium and wrap apartments, not detached homes: post-tension decks, shear walls, CMU or metal stud infill, and repetitive unit layouts where a single takeoff error multiplies across 200 doors. Our multi-family estimating services are built around that repetition, with unit-type counts and per-building rollups instead of one lump sum.
The Phoenix metro leads Arizona in semiconductor and data-center construction, and those projects compete directly with residential and commercial bidders for concrete finishers, electricians and mechanical crews. When a fab or a hyperscale campus is ramping, labor rates on your apartment or warehouse bid can move between the estimate date and the bid date. We flag labor-sensitive divisions — 03 concrete, 05 structural steel, 26 electrical — and show quantities in a format you can re-price quickly if the market shifts. If your project sits in Chandler or Mesa, our Chandler construction estimating and Mesa construction estimating pages cover the same approach with local notes.
We cover the divisions that drive Phoenix bids, from dirt to commissioning, with quantities you can hand to a subcontractor.
Caliche ripping, rock excavation, mass grading and utility trenching quantities for Maricopa County sites.
CY · LF · TONPost-tension slab, spread footing and pier takeoffs for expansive clay and caliche conditions.
CY · SF · LBWood and light-gauge framing counts for wrap apartments, tract homes and tenant improvements.
LF · EA · BFMechanical, electrical and plumbing rough-in quantities for multifamily and industrial shells.
LF · EA · TONTile, TPO and modified bitumen areas with Phoenix heat-driven detailing and flashing counts.
SQ · LF · EAFull division takeoffs for retail, office, warehouse and data-center shell and core packages.
SF · LS · EASingle-family and production home budgets priced to the project ZIP code, not a state average.
SF · EA · LFHeavy slab, process piping and equipment-setting quantities for semiconductor and logistics work.
CY · LF · TONYou bid podium multifamily and tenant improvements across Maricopa County. We return division-organized quantities and marked-up plans in 24–48 hours so your bid package is complete before the deadline.
You need a takeoff that matches your trade scope, not the whole building. We price your division only, so your bid reflects Phoenix labor and material costs without carrying another trade's risk.
You are testing pro formas for infill lots and master-planned subdivisions in the metro. We build schematic estimates from RSMeans data adjusted to the project ZIP code, so early go/no-go decisions use local numbers.
You issue schematic and design-development sets and need a cost check before construction documents. We quantify your drawings by CSI division and flag scope gaps while there is still time to revise.
You manage capital budgets for industrial, retail and office assets in Phoenix. We estimate repairs, tenant improvements and expansions so you can compare contractor proposals against a single quantity baseline.
You handle roof replacements, paving and interior renovations across a portfolio. We provide unit-price takeoffs for repetitive scopes, so each property budget is defensible without a full design set.
We estimate projects throughout Maricopa County, from central Phoenix infill to the master-planned subdivisions in the outer corridors. If your project is in the metro or the nearby cities below, we can price it.
The 2025 permit mix was 10,395 new residential units, about 70% multifamily, so we estimate podium and wrap buildings alongside the single-family infill that fills the remaining 30%. Commercial and industrial work follows the semiconductor and data-center demand.
Type III or V wood frame over a concrete podium, typically four to five stories with tuck-under or garage parking. We take off post-tension slabs, shear walls, unit framing and the full MEP rough-in sequence.
Watch for: Post-tension slab quantities, podium waterproofing, unit repetition
Small-lot and detached homes on infill parcels in central Phoenix and the outer corridors. We quantify stem walls, post-tension slabs, roof trusses and finishes from the plan set.
Watch for: Caliche excavation, lot grading, utility trenching
Hyperscale and colocation shells with heavy electrical and mechanical infrastructure. We estimate structural concrete, electrical gear, cooling systems and the associated sitework.
Watch for: Switchgear lead times, concrete volume, conduit counts
Fabs, cleanrooms and advanced manufacturing plants in the metro. We take off process piping, cleanroom walls, raised floors and the structural steel that supports them.
Watch for: Cleanroom finishes, process piping, vibration criteria
Tenant improvements in strip centers, grocery-anchored retail and low-rise office. We quantify demising walls, storefront, ceiling and MEP distribution for the leased area.
Watch for: Existing conditions, sprinkler modifications, storefront
Select-service hotels, assisted living and memory care facilities. We estimate guest room or unit repetition, commercial kitchens, and the life-safety and nurse-call systems.
Watch for: Kitchen equipment, fire rating, unit repetition
Phoenix pricing moves with the same forces that shape the desert: soil, heat, water and a labor market tied to megaprojects. These are the items we adjust for on every takeoff.
Phoenix and Maricopa County enforce the adopted IBC and IRC editions, plus local amendments for dust control, stormwater and fire access. Plan review timelines vary with project type, and deferred submittals for trusses, fire sprinklers and elevators can shift the schedule. We build permit-related allowances into the estimate and note where the contractor must confirm the adopted code edition with the local building department.
IBC · IRC · Maricopa County · City of PhoenixCaliche layers and expansive clays are common in Maricopa County, and they change foundation quantities. Footings may need to bear deeper, rock excavation allowances are often required, and post-tension slabs are typical for residential and light commercial. We take off footing depths, pier counts, moisture conditioning and the import or export of fill based on the geotechnical report.
Caliche · Expansive clay · Post-tension slab · Geotechnical reportSummer heat above 110°F affects concrete cure, roofing adhesives and exterior painting, which can push work into night shifts and add curing compounds or cooling measures. Monsoon storms between June and September drive drainage and erosion control quantities. We adjust productivity factors for seasonal work and include temporary measures where the schedule crosses those windows.
Monsoon · Concrete cure · Roofing adhesives · Erosion controlSemiconductor and data-center megaprojects pull electricians, pipefitters and concrete finishers, and labor rates can move during bid season. We use ZIP-code-adjusted labor rates from RSMeans data, but on large or fast-track projects we recommend a labor escalation allowance and a check on crew availability before you lock a number.
RSMeans · Electricians · Pipefitters · Labor escalationFlat lots and limited storm sewer capacity mean retention basins, swales and sometimes on-site detention are required. Dust control and paved construction entrances are enforced during earthwork. We quantify clearing, grading, import, utility trenching and the drainage structures shown on the civil sheets, and we flag where the geotech or drainage report is missing.
Retention basin · Dust control · Utility trenching · Civil sheetsConcrete, masonry and steel are produced locally, but specialty MEP equipment and cleanroom components often ship from out of state. Freight, sales tax and long lead times affect the bottom line. We price material at the project ZIP code, note sales tax where applicable, and list the long-lead items that should be bought out early.
Sales tax · Freight · Long-lead items · ZIP-code pricingThe same four forces — caliche, heat, monsoon drainage, and a multifamily-heavy permit mix — change quantities in specific divisions. Here is where each one lands on a Phoenix takeoff.
Caliche layers across the northeast valley and along the Salt River terraces drive ripping and over-excavation quantities that a generic site takeoff misses. We measure stripping by square foot, then break rock excavation into rippable and non-rippable cubic yards, because the two carry very different production rates. Import fill is priced by the cubic yard with a shrink/swell factor applied to bank volume. Washout and dust-control watering is a line item here, not an allowance. Retention basins and drainage swales are quantified separately so the civil package and the building pad do not double-count the same dirt. If you are pricing dirt, start with our sitework estimating services and send the geotech report with the plans.
Wood framing is still the default for single-family and low-rise multifamily, but Phoenix roof geometry — low slopes with parapets — changes the plate and truss counts. We take off studs by linear foot with a typical waste factor, then separately count plates, blocking, and sheathing by sheet. Drywall is measured by square foot of wall and ceiling area, with a separate line for moisture-resistant board in baths and laundry. In multifamily, we split the takeoff by unit type and by common area so the general contractor can compare bids floor by floor. Framing estimating services covers both the structural and the drywall side.
Semiconductor and data-center work around the metro pushes mechanical and electrical quantities well past typical commercial ratios. We take off ductwork by pound and by square foot of surface area, piping by linear foot with fittings counted, and electrical by device, fixture, and feeder length. For data halls, busway, rack grounding, and cooling distribution are separate line items. Plumbing is measured by fixture and by linear foot of pipe, with gas piping broken out for lab and process loads. MEP estimating services and industrial estimating services both apply here, and the two should be cross-checked so nothing falls between them.
Post-tensioned slabs on grade dominate Phoenix multifamily and light industrial, so the takeoff has to separate tendon layout, edge forms, and the pour strips that let the slab move. Expansive clays in the west valley push some pads to drilled piers or deepened footings; we quantify pier count, diameter, and concrete volume rather than carrying a lump sum. Flatwork is measured by square foot with joint layout and sealant by linear foot. Curing and hot-weather admixtures are material line items when the pour window is June through September. Our foundation estimating services covers pier and grade beam takeoffs, and concrete estimating services handles the flatwork and structural package.
Phoenix roofs are mostly low-slope membrane on commercial and multifamily, with tile or shingle on houses. The takeoff measures field membrane by square, then adds flashing, terminations, and penetration boots by count. Insulation is quantified separately because IECC compliance in this climate zone drives R-value thickness, and the adopted edition changes what is required — confirm the current edition with the city building department. Stucco and masonry veneer are measured by square foot of wall area, with control joints by linear foot. Roofing estimating services covers membrane, tile, and the associated sheet metal.
Quick check for a single element. For a full drawing set, send the plans and we measure everything, including the items calculators miss.
Typical waste: 3–5% for slabs, 5–10% for footings and walls. Truck count assumes 10 CY loads; confirm load size with your ready-mix supplier.
Need the full takeoff with pricing? Upload your plans.
| Section | Line item | Qty | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03 30 00 | PT slab on grade, 5 in. | 18400 | SF |
| 03 30 00 | Drilled piers, 18 in. dia. | 96 | EA |
| 05 12 00 | Structural steel, podium frame | 42 | TON |
| 06 10 00 | Wood framing, unit walls | 26800 | LF |
| 09 29 00 | Drywall, 5/8 in. Type X | 41200 | SF |
| 07 54 00 | TPO membrane roof, 60 mil | 13600 | SF |
| 23 31 00 | Ductwork, rectangular | 3100 | LB |
| 26 05 19 | Feeder conduit and wire | 5400 | LF |
Dimensions below are illustrative. We are pricing a 4-story multifamily building with a post-tensioned slab on grade, 120 ft by 180 ft, 5 in. thick, with a 12 in. by 12 in. perimeter turn-down beam. The slab sits on prepared subgrade with no structural fill.
Step 1 — Slab area. 120 ft × 180 ft = 21,600 SF.
Step 2 — Slab volume. 21,600 SF × (5 in. ÷ 12) = 9,000 CF. Divide by 27: 9,000 ÷ 27 = 333.3 CY.
Step 3 — Perimeter beam. Perimeter = 2 × (120 + 180) = 600 LF. Beam volume per foot = (12 in. × 12 in.) ÷ 144 = 1.0 CF/LF. But the beam is below the slab, so we subtract the slab thickness already counted: net beam depth = 12 in. − 5 in. = 7 in. Adjusted area = (7 in. × 12 in.) ÷ 144 = 0.583 CF/LF. 600 LF × 0.583 = 350 CF ÷ 27 = 13.0 CY.
Step 4 — Waste. Typical waste for pumped PT slab concrete runs 5%. (333.3 + 13.0) × 1.05 = 363.6 CY.
| Step | Calculation | Quantity | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Slab area | 120 × 180 | 21,600 | SF |
| Slab volume | 21,600 × 5/12 ÷ 27 | 333.3 | CY |
| Perimeter beam | 600 × 0.583 ÷ 27 | 13.0 | CY |
| Subtotal | 333.3 + 13.0 | 346.3 | CY |
| With 5% waste | 346.3 × 1.05 | 363.6 | CY |
Two Phoenix-specific adjustments follow. First, hot-weather mix designs and curing compound are separate material lines, not part of the concrete unit price. Second, if the geotech report shows expansive clay requiring over-excavation, the import fill and recompaction are priced in the sitework division, not here. Send the structural sheets and the geotech and we will run the full slab, pier, and flatwork takeoff for your project.
The figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey for 2025, counting permits issued by the city itself. The survey covers new privately-owned residential units only, so it excludes commercial, industrial, and renovation work. Phoenix issued 10,395 residential units in 2025, up 16% from 8,997 in 2024, with 3,154 single-family and 7,241 multifamily units. That is 27.9% of the covered state total and ranks Phoenix first among the 24 covered Arizona cities. Treat the numbers as a demand signal, not a construction cost index.
Caliche is a calcium-carbonate cemented layer common in the northeast valley and along river terraces. On a takeoff it shows up as rock excavation measured in cubic yards, split into rippable and non-rippable, plus over-excavation and import fill. Because production rates for ripping are far lower than for common earth, lump-sum allowances hide the cost. We price it from the geotech report's boring logs, not from a percentage of the dirt bid.
Yes. We measure slab area, thickness, and volume, then add perimeter and interior beams with the slab thickness subtracted so concrete is not double-counted. Tendon layout, anchors, and pour strips are separate line items. If the design uses drilled piers instead of deepened footings, we take off pier count, diameter, and concrete volume. The result is a concrete package you can compare directly against subcontractor bids.
Excel and PDF, organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets. The Excel file carries the quantity, unit, and line item so you can adjust waste factors or unit prices yourself. The PDF is the review copy. We use Bluebeam Revu, PlanSwift, and RSMeans data, and pricing is ZIP-code-adjusted for material and labor.
Most projects come back in 24 to 48 hours, and rush turnaround is available. Turnaround depends on sheet count and how complete the drawings are — a full MEP set for a data hall takes longer than a single-family framing takeoff. If you send the plans with the geotech report and any addenda, we can start immediately and flag missing information early rather than at the end.
Yes. We cover the Phoenix metro and southern Arizona, including Mesa and Chandler, and Tucson to the south. Each city has different adopted code editions and inspection practices, so we confirm the local requirements rather than applying one standard across the state. If your project is in one of those cities, send the plans and we will price it for that jurisdiction.
Monsoon storms drop intense rainfall in short windows, so drainage is a real cost line, not a formality. We quantify retention basin excavation, swales, storm pipe by linear foot, inlets by count, and riprap by ton. The key failure mode is double-counting basin dirt in both the civil and building packages, or leaving it in neither. We reconcile the two before the estimate goes out.
Yes, and we recommend it. Phoenix multifamily permits made up 70% of the city's 2025 residential units, so most of the work here is repeatable unit types plus common areas. We take off each unit type separately, then add corridors, lobbies, amenity spaces, and the roof as their own sections. That lets you compare subcontractor bids floor by floor instead of accepting one blended number.
Architectural, structural, and MEP drawings, the geotech report if you have it, and any addenda. A spec book helps for finish and equipment line items. If the drawings are at 50% or 90%, tell us which, because we adjust detail level accordingly. Send everything through our get an estimate page and we will confirm scope and turnaround before starting.
Yes. The Phoenix metro leads in semiconductor and data-center megaprojects, and those projects carry mechanical, electrical, and process quantities that typical commercial ratios do not cover. We take off busway, cooling distribution, ductwork by pound, piping by linear foot, and rack grounding as separate items. Industrial and MEP takeoffs are cross-checked so nothing falls between the two scopes.
Send your plans, geotech report, and addenda, and we will return a division-organized takeoff in 24 to 48 hours.