Sitework takeoff
Cut and fill, over-excavation for expansive clay, utility runs, and paving quantities for Front Range sites with grade changes.
CY · LF · TONDenver permitted 4,727 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, 78% of them multifamily. We produce material and labor takeoffs for Denver contractors, developers, and owners, priced with ZIP-code-adjusted RSMeans data and delivered in 24–48 hours.
Denver pricing runs on Front Range labor rates, expansive clay soils along the Front Range, high-altitude snow and freeze-thaw cycles, City and County of Denver permit review, and a multifamily-heavy pipeline. Each one changes quantities, waste factors, and unit costs, so a takeoff built for another market will not bid accurately here.
Denver sits at the center of the Front Range growth corridor, and the permit mix shows it. In 2025 the city issued permits for 4,727 new privately-owned residential units, up 18% from 3,994 in 2024, with 3,700 multifamily units making up 78% of that total. Permitted value was about $1.0B, an average of $219,200 per unit. That concentration in multifamily and attached housing drives the takeoffs we produce most often: podiums, post-tensioned decks, unit-by-unit finish schedules, and repeated floor plates where a small quantity error multiplies fast.
We also cover the surrounding Front Range markets, so a Denver bid and a suburban bid are never priced from the same assumptions. If your project is south or north of the metro, see our Colorado Springs construction estimating and Fort Collins construction estimating pages. For everything else across the state, start with Colorado construction estimating.
For bidders. You need quantities you can defend in a bid review. We return line items by CSI division, marked-up plan sets, and Excel you can re-rate, so your number holds up when the GC asks where the concrete and framing quantities came from.
For builders. You need buyout and change-order support, not a bid-day number. We take off framing, foundations, roofing, and MEP scopes separately so you can issue packages, compare subcontractor quotes, and price changes against the same baseline.
For owners. You need a budget before design is finished and a check on the contractor's numbers afterward. We estimate from schematic plans, then reconcile scope and quantities against the bid to show where dollars are moving and why.
Select a bar to compare Denver with the largest Colorado markets we cover.
4,727 new housing units in 2025 (+18.4% vs 2024).
1,027 single-family · 3,700 multifamily (78%).
Denver issued 4,727 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, up 18% from 3,994 in 2024. Multifamily accounted for 3,700 units, or 78% of the total, while single-family accounted for 1,027. The city ranked first of 21 covered Colorado cities by units and took 27.9% of the 16,921 units permitted statewide. For bidders, that means your competition is other multifamily estimators, and your risk sits in repetition: a 2% error on a 200-unit floor plate is a 2% error on every floor. We build unit-level quantities first, then extend by building type and floor count, so the math is auditable. The state-level picture is on our Colorado construction estimating page.
The Front Range corridor from Denver through Colorado Springs to Fort Collins keeps adding residential and commercial square footage, and the permit split tells you which scopes are busiest. At $219,200 average permitted value per unit, the multifamily pipeline carries full MEP, fire protection, elevator, and unit finish scopes, not just shell work. Suburban and infill projects around Aurora and the northern corridor move at different paces and often use different jurisdictional review processes. If you bid both city and suburban work, price them separately — see Aurora construction estimating for the eastern metro market.
We take off the scopes that drive Denver project costs, from dirt to finishes, and deliver them by CSI MasterFormat division.
Cut and fill, over-excavation for expansive clay, utility runs, and paving quantities for Front Range sites with grade changes.
CY · LF · TONFoundations, slab-on-grade, podium decks, and post-tensioned slabs, with formwork and reinforcing separated from ready-mix.
CY · SF · TONSpread footings, drilled piers, grade beams, and waterproofing sized to Denver's expansive soils and frost depth requirements.
CY · LF · SFWood and light-gauge studs, joists, trusses, sheathing, and hardware counted by floor and building type on repetitive plans.
LF · SF · EATPO, EPDM, modified bitumen, and shingle systems, including insulation, flashing, and snow-guard quantities for Front Range weather.
SF · LF · EAPlumbing, HVAC, and electrical quantities by fixture, diffuser, and device count, coordinated with unit plans and common areas.
EA · LF · TONUnit-by-unit finishes, common areas, amenity decks, and parking structures for Denver's dominant 78% multifamily pipeline.
SF · EA · LSTenant improvements, retail shells, and office interiors taken off by division for Denver's infill and corridor commercial work.
SF · LF · EAWith 3,700 multifamily units permitted in 2025, most bids here are podiums and wrap buildings. We take off each floor plate and stack quantities so your unit count drives the number, not a guess.
Denver's post-tensioned decks and repetitive wood framing reward exact quantities. We separate slab, deck, shear wall, and truss takeoffs so you can bid the scope you actually install.
Infill lots along the Front Range come with demolition, utility relocation, and tight staging. We estimate from schematic drawings so your pro forma reflects Denver conditions before design is complete.
We return marked-up plan sets by CSI division, so you can verify wall types, openings, and finishes against your drawings before they go out for bid.
We reconcile a contractor's line items against our own takeoff, showing where concrete, framing, and MEP quantities diverge and what that does to the bottom line.
Labor rates, soil conditions, and code editions differ from your home market. We price with ZIP-code-adjusted RSMeans data and flag Denver-specific scope gaps before you commit.
We estimate projects across the City and County of Denver and the surrounding Front Range, from central infill to suburban greenfield. If your site is in one of these areas, the takeoff reflects the local conditions that affect it.
Denver's 2025 permit mix ran heavily to multifamily, with 3,700 units against 1,027 single-family. We estimate both, plus the commercial and industrial work that follows the residential growth.
These dominate Denver's permit counts. We take off unit-by-unit finishes, post-tensioned decks, and repeated floor plates, then roll quantities up by building so a single plan error does not multiply across hundreds of units.
Watch for: Deck thickness, shear wall quantities, unit mix changes.
Denver's older neighborhoods see scrape-and-rebuild projects on tight lots. We estimate demolition, foundation, framing, and finishes separately, and we flag where existing utilities or alley access will change the cost.
Watch for: Demolition debris, utility conflicts, alley staging.
Attached housing is common in Denver's zoning corridors. Party walls, shared foundations, and repetitive framing make quantity accuracy critical, so we take off each unit type and multiply by the count.
Watch for: Party wall assemblies, shared MEP runs, fire separations.
Downtown Denver has older building stock being converted. We estimate selective demolition, structural reinforcement, and new MEP distribution, and we separate what stays from what is replaced.
Watch for: Existing structure capacity, hazardous materials, MEP tie-ins.
Retail, restaurant, and office fit-outs follow the residential growth. We take off partitions, ceilings, storefront, and MEP by tenant scope, so you can price a shell-and-core or a full build-out.
Watch for: Landlord shell conditions, grease and venting, ADA upgrades.
Denver's distribution and light industrial work uses tilt-up and pre-engineered metal buildings. We estimate slab thickness, column reactions, and site paving, and we separate building from yard work.
Watch for: Slab flatness, column pad sizes, truck court paving.
Denver pricing is not the same as pricing in Colorado Springs or Fort Collins, and it is not the same as pricing in another state. These are the drivers we adjust for on every takeoff.
Denver enforces its own building code and amendments, and the adopted edition can differ from surrounding jurisdictions. Energy code requirements for envelope, lighting, and ventilation affect material quantities and equipment sizing. We estimate to the code family you identify, and you should confirm the adopted edition and any local amendments with the Denver Community Planning and Development department before finalizing your bid.
Denver Community Planning and Development · IBC · IECC · Denver Building CodeDenver's soils range from expansive clay to sandy gravel, and the Front Range has areas of bedrock at shallow depth. That changes foundation type, over-excavation, and backfill quantities. We take off foundation scope from the geotechnical report when you have one, and we flag where a soil correction could add cost. Without a report, we estimate a typical Denver foundation and note the assumption.
Geotechnical report · Expansive clay · Over-excavation · Structural fillDenver sits in a hail-prone corridor, and roofing assemblies here are often specified for impact resistance. That affects shingle type, underlayment, and sometimes decking. Snow load and freeze-thaw cycles also drive insulation and foundation depth. We estimate roofing with the specified impact rating and note where a standard assembly would price differently.
Hail impact rating · Snow load · Freeze-thaw · Roof underlaymentDenver's construction labor market is tight, and wage rates reflect that. We price with ZIP-code-adjusted RSMeans data, so concrete, framing, and MEP labor lines reflect the Denver metro rather than a state average. If your schedule requires overtime or a compressed crew, that changes the labor component and we can price it as an alternate.
RSMeans data · ZIP-code adjustment · Overtime · Crew loadingDenver's drainage and floodplain requirements affect sitework quantities, including detention, water quality, and grading. Tight urban lots may need shoring or underpinning. We take off sitework separately from the building, so you can see how much of the budget is underground. Confirm drainage criteria with the local authority having jurisdiction.
Detention · Water quality · Shoring · GradingDenver is a distribution hub, but material lead times still vary by product. Concrete and steel pricing moves with regional supply. We use current material pricing and note where an allowance was used. Sales tax and local fees also apply, and those should be confirmed with your accountant or the Colorado Department of Revenue.
Material lead times · Sales tax · Colorado Department of Revenue · AllowanceDenver's mix of expansive soils, freeze-thaw cycles, and a multifamily-heavy permit pipeline changes what you measure and how you price it. Here is how each trade's takeoff shifts when the plans land on our desk.
Front Range soils include expansive clay and bentonite, so a Denver sitework takeoff cannot stop at cut and fill. You need to quantify over-excavation depth below footings, import volume of structural fill, and lime or fly-ash treatment if the geotech report calls for it. On tight urban infill lots in RiNo and Baker, haul-off is often constrained by street width and permitted haul hours, which drives truck count and cycle time. We measure stripping separately from unsuitable subgrade removal and price both against ZIP-code-adjusted disposal rates. Storm volumes also matter: check the local drainage criteria and confirm the adopted edition with the city before you finalize pipe sizing. Our sitework estimating services break these items out by CSI division.
Wood-frame multifamily dominates Denver's permit volume, and framing takeoffs here have to account for engineered lumber headers, floor trusses, and shear panels that vary by elevation. We measure wall plates, studs, headers, and sheathing by linear and square feet, then add typical waste factors — usually 5% to 10% for dimensional lumber, higher for complex roof geometry. On mid-rise projects, structural steel is taken off by piece count and weight, with connection plates and embeds listed separately. Snow load and wind exposure affect member sizing, so the structural sheets drive quantities more than the architectural plans. Our framing estimating services and residential estimating services cover both light-frame and steel-framed scopes.
Denver's altitude — roughly a mile above sea level — changes equipment selection for mechanical systems. Furnaces, boilers, and rooftop units must be derated for altitude, and ductwork sizing shifts with air density. In a takeoff, that means you cannot copy a sea-level schedule: you verify equipment capacity against the mechanical drawings and count diffusers, registers, and grilles by type and size. Plumbing scopes include domestic water, sanitary, and vent piping measured by linear feet and fixture count. Electrical takeoffs run from service entrance equipment through panelboards, branch circuits, and device counts. Confirm the adopted plumbing and electrical code editions with the Denver building department before finalizing. Our MEP estimating services itemize each system by division.
Denver's freeze-thaw cycles push frost depth and air-entrainment requirements into every foundation takeoff. For residential work, a typical crawlspace or basement wall section includes continuous footings, stem walls, anchor bolts, and a capillary break — each measured in linear feet or square feet, not lump sum. Multifamily podium and post-tensioned slabs add tendon quantities, pour strips, and elevated slab thickness that change the cubic yard count fast. We separate 03 30 00 cast-in-place concrete from 03 20 00 concrete reinforcing so rebar is priced by the ton, not buried in a square-foot allowance. See our concrete estimating services and foundation estimating services for how we structure those line items.
Hail is the defining roofing cost driver in Denver. Class 4 impact-rated shingles and modified bitumen membranes are common specifications, and the takeoff must capture underlayment, ice-and-water shield at eaves and valleys, drip edge, and vent flashing as separate line items. Steep-slope roofs are measured by the square (100 square feet), with pitch multipliers applied to plan area. On commercial and multifamily buildings, TPO or EPDM membrane is quantified by square feet including perimeter termination, and roof drains and scuppers are counted individually. We also measure wall sheathing, weather-resistive barrier, and flashing separately from roofing so nothing gets double-counted. Roofing estimating services and commercial estimating services show the format we deliver.
Quick check for a single element. For a full drawing set, send the plans and we measure everything, including the items calculators miss.
Typical waste: 3–5% for slabs, 5–10% for footings and walls. Truck count assumes 10 CY loads; confirm load size with your ready-mix supplier.
Need the full takeoff with pricing? Upload your plans.
| Section | Line item | Qty | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03 30 00 | Cast-in-place concrete, podium slab | 1,850 | CY |
| 03 20 00 | Reinforcing steel, all elevations | 168 | ton |
| 05 12 00 | Structural steel, columns and beams | 42 | ton |
| 06 10 00 | Wood framing, wall and floor systems | 18,400 | SF |
| 07 21 00 | Thermal insulation, walls and roof | 22,600 | SF |
| 07 31 13 | Class 4 impact-rated shingles | 9,800 | SF |
| 23 31 00 | HVAC ductwork, altitude-adjusted | 3,200 | LF |
| 26 05 19 | Electrical conduit and wiring | 14,500 | LF |
A continuous spread footing is one of the first quantities you need on a Denver multifamily project, because expansive soils often require over-excavation and a wider bearing surface than a standard detail shows. The dimensions below are illustrative — your structural sheets and geotech report govern.
Assume a building perimeter of 320 linear feet with a continuous footing 24 inches wide by 12 inches deep. You also have two interior bearing walls, each 80 linear feet, with the same footing section.
| Step | Calculation | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Perimeter footing length | 320 LF | 320 LF |
| Interior footing length | 2 × 80 LF | 160 LF |
| Total footing length | 320 + 160 | 480 LF |
| Cross-section area | 2.0 ft × 1.0 ft | 2.0 SF |
| Volume | 480 LF × 2.0 SF | 960 CF |
| Convert to cubic yards | 960 ÷ 27 | 35.6 CY |
| Add 5% waste | 35.6 × 1.05 | 37.4 CY |
That 37.4 CY is the concrete you price for the footing only. It does not include the stem wall, slab, or any over-excavation backfill. On a Denver site with expansive clay, the geotech report may require you to remove 24 to 36 inches of unsuitable material below the footing and replace it with structural fill. If the over-excavation is 3 feet deep and 3 feet wide along the same 480 linear feet, that is 480 × 3 × 3 = 4,320 CF, or 160 CY of export and 160 CY of import — a quantity that dwarfs the footing concrete itself. Always read the geotech recommendations before you finalize the footing takeoff, and confirm the adopted code edition with the local building department.
Denver's permit volume is heavily multifamily — about 78% of the 4,727 residential units permitted in 2025 were in multifamily buildings, according to the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey. That means more podium slabs, post-tensioned decks, and shared MEP systems than you would see in a typical single-family market. Expansive soils and freeze-thaw cycles also add over-excavation and frost-depth details that change foundation quantities. If you are pricing a project in Aurora or Colorado Springs, the mix shifts and so does the takeoff emphasis.
We read the geotech report before we measure anything. If it calls for over-excavation, we quantify the unsuitable material by volume, add the structural fill import, and price both separately from the footing concrete. We also check for lime or fly-ash treatment, moisture barriers, and deeper pier foundations where the report requires them. Those items rarely appear on the architectural plans, so they are a common source of missed cost. If your geotech report is not available yet, we note the assumption and flag it for revision.
Yes. At roughly 5,280 feet, air density is lower, so furnaces, boilers, and rooftop units must be derated and ductwork sized accordingly. In a takeoff, we verify equipment schedules against the mechanical drawings rather than copying a sea-level template. We also count diffusers, registers, and grilles by type and size, and measure ductwork by linear feet. If the drawings show standard equipment without altitude corrections, we flag it as a scope gap before pricing.
Hail-resistant assemblies dominate. Class 4 impact-rated shingles are common on residential and light commercial roofs, and we take off underlayment, ice-and-water shield at eaves and valleys, drip edge, and vent flashing as separate line items. On larger buildings, TPO or EPDM membrane is measured by square feet including perimeter termination, and roof drains and scuppers are counted individually. We do not bundle roofing accessories into a square-foot allowance, because that is where bids usually leak money after a hailstorm.
We use RSMeans data adjusted by ZIP code for both material and labor, so the rates reflect the Denver market rather than a national average. That matters because labor availability and wage scales in the Front Range corridor differ from rural Colorado. We do not publish a single wage number because it varies by trade, project type, and union status. If your project has prevailing wage or certified payroll requirements, tell us up front and we will adjust the labor burden accordingly.
You receive an Excel workbook and a PDF organized by CSI MasterFormat division, plus marked-up plan sets showing what we measured. The Excel file is structured so you can adjust quantities, waste factors, and unit costs without rebuilding the estimate. We use Bluebeam Revu and PlanSwift for takeoff, and RSMeans data for pricing. If you need a different format for your estimating software, tell us before we start and we will match it.
Most projects are delivered in 24 to 48 hours. Rush turnaround is available if you have a bid deadline closing sooner. Turnaround depends on the completeness of the plan set — a full architectural, structural, and MEP set takes longer than a single-trade package. If you send partial drawings, we will estimate what is shown and list the assumptions and exclusions so you know what is missing before you bid.
Yes. We cover the Front Range corridor, including Aurora, Colorado Springs, and Fort Collins. Each city has its own permitting office, adopted code editions, and inspection requirements, so we confirm the local jurisdiction before finalizing the estimate. If your project is in a surrounding county or a smaller municipality, send the address and we will verify the applicable codes and fee schedules. Our Colorado construction estimating services cover the entire state.
The permit figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey for 2025. They count new privately-owned residential units permitted by the city itself — 4,727 total units, of which 1,027 were single-family and 3,700 were multifamily. The survey does not include commercial permits, renovations, or accessory dwelling units. We use this data to understand the volume and mix of residential construction in Denver, not as a projection of your specific project.
Send the complete plan set — architectural, structural, civil, and MEP — plus the geotech report if you have it. We also need the project address to apply the correct ZIP-code pricing and confirm the local jurisdiction. If you have a bid date, tell us so we can schedule the turnaround. Partial sets are acceptable; we will note what is missing and price the rest. You can get an estimate through our Get an estimate page.
Upload your plans and we will return a CSI-organized estimate in 24 to 48 hours, with quantities you can defend line by line.