Sitework and excavation
Sheeting, dewatering, rock excavation and export hauling priced for tight urban sites and street-occupancy limits.
CY · SF · TONBoston permits ran 2,107 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, 89% multifamily. We produce CSI-organized quantity takeoffs and estimates for labs, multifamily and urban infill across Suffolk County, delivered in 24–48 hours.
Dense urban infill drives tight sites, crane and street-occupancy limits, and sheeting-and-dewatering cost. Life-sciences lab fit-outs carry heavy MEP, process piping and cleanroom scope. Multifamily dominates permits at 89% of new units. High labor rates and ZIP-code-adjusted material pricing push unit costs above most U.S. metros, and historic-district and BRA review conditions add cost items.
Boston builds on a peninsula with limited laydown area, so estimates here hinge on logistics as much as material quantities. A Back Bay or Seaport job may carry crane permits, police details, temporary street occupancy and off-hours concrete pours that a suburban estimate never sees. We price those line items explicitly instead of burying them in general conditions.
The city's permit mix is overwhelmingly multifamily: 1,879 of 2,107 new privately-owned residential units permitted in 2025 were multifamily, or 89%, at an average value of $355,700 per unit. That concentration is why our multi-family estimating services and MEP estimating services carry most of the Boston workload, alongside lab and institutional work in Cambridge and the Longwood Medical Area. For statewide context, see our Massachusetts construction estimating services.
On a typical Boston takeoff, you will see line items such as sheeting and dewatering for a three-level below-grade garage, rock excavation measured in cubic yards, and a crane permit with police details carried monthly. Lab fit-outs add fume hoods, process piping and cleanroom partitions by room. We organize every estimate by CSI MasterFormat division and deliver Excel and PDF with marked-up plan sets in 24–48 hours, so your buyout and change-order backup line up with the plan sheets.
Select a bar to compare Boston with the largest Massachusetts markets we cover.
2,107 new housing units in 2025 (+17.8% vs 2024).
228 single-family · 1,879 multifamily (89%).
Boston issued permits for 2,107 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, up from 1,789 in 2024 — an 18% increase. Single-family was only 228 units; multifamily was 1,879, or 89% of the total. Permitted value reached $749M, averaging $355,700 per unit. For an estimator, that mix means repeated floor-plate types, repetitive MEP risers and unit-count-driven takeoffs rather than one-off custom homes. Boston alone accounted for 45.8% of the 4,601 units permitted across the 25 covered Massachusetts cities, and ranks first by units. If you bid in the suburbs, our Worcester construction estimating and Cambridge construction estimating pages cover those markets.
Suffolk County's urban sites add sheeting, dewatering and underpinning when you excavate next to a party wall, and those costs scale with depth, not floor area. High labor rates and ZIP-code-adjusted material pricing lift every division, but MEP and lab process work move the total most. Cold winters affect concrete curing, masonry and roofing schedules, so winter conditions and temporary heat belong in general conditions. Glacial till and fill over bedrock change rock-excavation quantities from what a test boring suggests. Confirm all adopted code editions — IBC, IECC, NEC, NFPA 13 and the Massachusetts amendments — with the Boston building department before pricing.
We take off and price the scopes that dominate Boston's lab, multifamily and infill work, organized by CSI MasterFormat division.
Sheeting, dewatering, rock excavation and export hauling priced for tight urban sites and street-occupancy limits.
CY · SF · TONMat slabs, pile caps, underpinning and formwork for high-rise residential cores and below-grade parking.
CY · SF · LFCold-formed steel, wood framing and unit demising walls taken off by floor plate for repetitive multifamily layouts.
SF · LF · EALab exhaust, process piping, VRF and riser shafts — the divisions that move a Boston lab or residential total.
LF · EA · TONTPO, modified bitumen and terraced roof decks, plus air-barrier and curtain-wall takeoffs for mid-rise infill.
SF · LFLab casework, cleanroom partitions and residential finishes priced by unit type and typical floor.
SF · EACrane permits, police details, temporary street occupancy, winter heat and hoisting for constrained sites.
MO · LSFull-scope check for missing sections, alternates and allowances before your bid goes out.
LSYou are pricing 5-over-2 and podium jobs in Dorchester, Roxbury and the Seaport, and you need division-by-division backup before the bid date, not a lump sum.
Kendall Square and Longwood work turns on fume hood counts, process piping and cleanroom partitions. We take those off by room so your quote holds through buyout.
You need cubic yards, formwork square footage and board feet you can defend. We mark up the plan set so your foreman can check quantities against the sheets.
You are testing whether a South Boston or Allston parcel pencils before you buy it. A ZIP-code-adjusted estimate per unit tells you faster than a contractor lunch.
You need a third-party quantity check on a design development set, organized by CSI MasterFormat division, to compare against the contractor's bid scope.
Your home-market unit costs do not carry into Suffolk County. We price local labor and material rates and flag the logistics line items your bid is missing.
We estimate from plan sets for projects across Suffolk County and the surrounding cities. Distance does not change the takeoff, but it does change logistics, so tell us the site address.
Multifamily dominates the city's residential permit volume: 1,879 of 2,107 new privately-owned units permitted in 2025 were multifamily, or 89%. Lab, institutional and commercial work fills out the rest.
Wood-framed residential over a concrete podium and below-grade garage is the standard Boston infill product. We take off the structural concrete, the wood frame, and the MEP rough by floor.
Watch for: Podium transfer slabs, shear walls, unit-by-unit plumbing counts
Kendall Square, Longwood and the Seaport carry lab conversions with fume hoods, process piping, cleanroom partitions and dedicated exhaust. We count fixtures and piping runs by room, not by square foot.
Watch for: Fume hood counts, exhaust risers, cleanroom wall systems
Six to twelve story buildings in the Seaport and along the Green Line carry cast-in-place or steel frames with curtain wall. We separate structure, envelope and interiors so you can buy them out individually.
Watch for: Curtain wall unit counts, embeds, post-tensioning
Triple-deckers and mill buildings in Roxbury, Dorchester and Charlestown are gutted to shell and rebuilt. Existing conditions drive the estimate, so we carry selective demolition and temporary shoring lines.
Watch for: Selective demo, shoring, unknown existing conditions
Hospitals, universities and municipal buildings in the Longwood Medical Area and around Boston require phased occupancy and infection-control partitions. We price ICRA barriers and off-hours work as separate line items.
Watch for: ICRA barriers, phasing, off-hours premiums
Ground-floor retail under residential, plus office and restaurant build-outs, turn on MEP and storefront scope. We take off storefront systems, kitchen equipment rough-ins and sprinkler modifications by tenant space.
Watch for: Storefront systems, sprinkler mods, grease and hood ducts
Boston is a dense, built-out city where the site and the approval process cost as much as the building. These are the drivers we price explicitly rather than bury in general conditions.
Boston requires its own permits on top of the state building code, and the Inspectional Services Department reviews zoning, egress and fire protection before issuance. Projects in the floodplain or near the waterfront add conservation and Chapter 91 review. We carry permit fees, expediter time and the plan-review cycles as line items, and you should confirm the adopted code edition with the local building department before pricing.
Inspectional Services Department · Massachusetts State Building Code · Chapter 91 waterfront reviewMuch of Boston sits on filled ground and glacial till, with bedrock shallow in some neighborhoods and deep marine clay in others. Below-grade garages routinely hit rock that must be excavated by hoe ram or blasting, and dewatering is a real cost on sites near the water table. We take off rock excavation by cubic yard and sheeting and dewatering by area, and we recommend a geotech report before you firm the number.
Glacial till · marine clay · rock excavation · dewateringCoastal storms, snow load and wind-driven rain govern envelope and roof detailing along the harbor. Roof drainage, parapet heights and window performance are set by the energy code and by flood-resistant construction requirements in mapped zones. We carry snow guards, secondary drainage and enhanced envelope assemblies where the plans call for them, and flag where a design assumption needs a code check.
IECC energy code · flood-resistant construction · snow load · wind-driven rainBoston is a union market, and many public and institutional jobs carry prevailing wage or project labor agreements. That shifts the labor rate, the crew mix and the overtime rules, especially for off-hours concrete and crane picks. We price labor from ZIP-code-adjusted local rates and show the trade breakdown so you can see where the union premium sits.
Prevailing wage · project labor agreement · union trades · off-hours premiumsPeninsula sites leave no laydown area, so material handling, street occupancy permits, police details and crane placement become real costs. Trucks stage off-site and concrete pours run at night. We list these as separate general conditions line items with monthly durations, because a suburban estimate that ignores them will underprice the job by a wide margin.
Street occupancy permit · police details · crane permits · night poursMaterial prices move with national demand, and Boston's constrained streets add delivery surcharges and small-load premiums. We price from current RSMeans data adjusted to the local ZIP code, and we separate material, labor and equipment so you can see what a supplier increase would do. For sitework and concrete packages, see our dedicated takeoff pages.
RSMeans data · ZIP-code adjustment · delivery surcharges · small-load premiumsBoston's mix of dense infill, life-sciences lab fit-outs, and mid-rise multifamily means the same plan set produces very different quantities depending on the trade and the site. Here is how each trade's takeoff changes when the work is inside Suffolk County.
Boston sits on glacial till, marine clay, and, in many neighborhoods, weathered argillite and Roxbury conglomerate close to the surface. A sitework takeoff here has to carry rock excavation as a separate line item from common earth, because the two are priced and scheduled differently. You also need a soil-disposal line: on tight urban lots there is usually no room to stockpile, so export is trucked out and charged by the load. Add dewatering where the water table is high, and sheeting or shoring when the excavation is within a few feet of a property line. For a proper takeoff of these items, see our sitework estimating services.
On mid-rise and high-rise work, the framing takeoff is a steel takeoff: beams, columns, metal deck, shear studs, and moment connections, priced by the ton with separate line items for erection, bolting, and fireproofing. On the triple-decker and low-rise infill that fills Dorchester, Jamaica Plain, and East Boston, the takeoff is dimensional lumber and engineered floor joists, with sheathing and hardware counted by sheet and by piece. Cold-formed steel studs show up on both, especially for interior partitions in lab buildings where shaft walls run floor to floor. Our framing estimating services handle stick, panelized, and CFS scopes.
Life-sciences lab construction is the single biggest driver of MEP quantities in Boston. A lab floor has far more piping, ductwork, and electrical raceway per square foot than an office floor, plus fume hoods, lab gas, process cooling, and clean steam. The takeoff has to be done by system, not by floor area, because a single lab module can carry more valves and fittings than an entire residential floor. For multifamily, the MEP takeoff is dominated by plumbing fixtures, risers, and electrical panels, often with a separate sprinkler line under NFPA 13. Our MEP estimating services cover both lab and residential scopes.
Multifamily and lab buildings in Boston almost always go to a mat or pile-supported foundation rather than shallow spread footings, because the bearing stratum is deep in the filled areas around the harbor and the Fort Point Channel. The concrete takeoff then has to separate structural mat, pile caps, grade beams, and slab-on-grade or slab-on-metal-deck, each with its own waste factor. Typical waste runs 5 to 8 percent for formed walls and columns and 8 to 10 percent for slabs placed by pump on a constrained site. Waterproofing, underslab vapor barrier, and cold joints are frequently missed. Our concrete estimating services and foundation estimating services cover these scopes.
Boston's freeze-thaw cycles, nor'easters, and salt-laden coastal air drive the roofing specification more than the building type does. A roofing takeoff here usually includes a fully adhered membrane rather than a mechanically attached one, tapered insulation to positive slope, cover board, and a separate line for roof drains, scuppers, and overflow. On the waterfront, add corrosion-resistant fasteners and heavier flashing gauges. Historic districts impose their own detailing, so slate, copper, and standing-seam scopes need their own line items with soldered vs. mechanical seams counted separately. Our roofing estimating services price these assemblies from the plan and the detail sheets.
Quick check for a single element. For a full drawing set, send the plans and we measure everything, including the items calculators miss.
Typical waste: 3–5% for slabs, 5–10% for footings and walls. Truck count assumes 10 CY loads; confirm load size with your ready-mix supplier.
Need the full takeoff with pricing? Upload your plans.
| Section | Line item | Qty | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03 30 00 | Cast-in-place mat foundation | 1,240 | CY |
| 03 30 00 | Pile caps, formed | 86 | EA |
| 03 10 00 | Concrete formwork, walls | 18,400 | SF |
| 05 12 00 | Structural steel, columns and beams | 212 | TON |
| 05 31 00 | Metal deck, 3-inch composite | 46,800 | SF |
| 05 21 00 | Steel joists, composite | 1,180 | LF |
| 06 10 00 | Wood framing, low-rise portion | 9,600 | BF |
| 07 50 00 | Roof membrane, fully adhered | 22,500 | SF |
This example shows how a mat foundation quantity moves from plan dimensions to a priced line item. The dimensions are illustrative and do not describe a specific project.
Assume a rectangular mat 120 feet long by 78 feet wide by 3 feet thick, with a 2-foot perimeter thickening. The main mat volume is length × width × thickness.
| Step | Calculation | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Main mat plan area | 120 ft × 78 ft | 9,360 SF |
| Main mat volume | 9,360 SF × 3 ft ÷ 27 | 1,040 CY |
| Perimeter thickening | 2 × (120 + 78) ft = 396 LF | 396 LF |
| Thickening volume | 396 LF × 2 ft × 2 ft ÷ 27 | 58.7 CY |
| Subtotal | 1,040 + 58.7 | 1,098.7 CY |
| Waste factor | 1,098.7 × 1.05 | 1,153.6 CY |
| Rounded order quantity | — | 1,154 CY |
A 5 percent waste factor is typical for a mat placed by pump, where some concrete is lost to washout, over-order, and the pump line. On a Boston site with limited laydown, you may need to add a line for return concrete and pump staging, and you should confirm whether the ready-mix supplier can reach the pour location without a street closure. The same logic applies to pile caps: count them from the foundation plan, then multiply by the typical cap volume from the details. If your plan shows 86 caps at an average of 4.5 CY each, that is 387 CY before waste. Our concrete estimating services build these quantities from your plan set and mark them up by CSI division in Excel and PDF so you can check every line.
Much of Boston is underlain by glacial till, marine clay, and, in areas like the Back Bay and Fort Point Channel, deep fill. That means shallow spread footings often will not work, and the takeoff has to carry piles, pile caps, or a mat instead. Rock excavation may also be a separate line item if weathered argillite is close to the surface. Confirm the geotechnical report before you price the foundation, because the difference between a shallow and a deep foundation can change the concrete quantity by an order of magnitude.
Yes. We build labor rates from RSMeans data adjusted by ZIP code, and we can carry union or prevailing-wage rates where the project requires them. Boston has a high union density in the trades, and public work often triggers Massachusetts prevailing wage requirements. Tell us on the intake form whether the job is public, private, or a mix, and whether the trades are union, so we price the labor column correctly. We do not guess at wage determinations; we use the rates you provide or the published schedule.
Most projects come back in 24 to 48 hours. Rush turnaround is available if you have a bid due sooner. The clock starts when we have the complete plan set, specifications, and your scope notes. If you send a partial set, we will tell you which sheets are missing before we start, because a takeoff without the structural or MEP sheets is not a complete number. For large lab or multifamily projects, we may stage the delivery by trade so you can start pricing while we finish the rest.
Both. Lab fit-outs are a large share of Boston work, and they need a different takeoff approach from residential. We price lab gas, process cooling, clean steam, fume hoods, and the extra electrical raceway by system rather than by floor area. We also do multifamily, commercial, and industrial scopes. If your project is a lab inside a shell building, send the base-building drawings along with the fit-out set so we can separate landlord work from tenant work and avoid double-counting.
We apply waste factors by material and by installation method, not one blanket percentage. Typical ranges are 5 to 8 percent for formed concrete, 8 to 10 percent for pumped slabs, 10 percent for dimensional lumber, and 5 percent for structural steel. On a tight urban site with no laydown, we may increase the waste allowance for materials that get cut and handled multiple times. We show the waste factor as a separate line in the takeoff so you can adjust it if your superintendent works tighter than the typical range.
We do not price permit fees as a line item unless you ask us to. Permit fees are set by the city and depend on project valuation and scope, and they are usually carried in the general conditions or soft costs rather than the trade takeoff. What we do include is the cost of work that permits trigger, such as fireproofing, sprinklers under NFPA 13, and accessibility items. Confirm the adopted code edition and fee schedule with the local building department, since those change and are not part of a trade estimate.
We work in Bluebeam Revu, PlanSwift, and RSMeans data. Deliverables come in Excel and PDF, organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets showing where each quantity came from. That means you can open the Excel file, filter by division, and trace any line back to the sheet and detail it was measured from. If your team works in a different format, tell us on intake and we will match it where we can.
Yes. We cover Boston and the surrounding cities, including Cambridge, Worcester, and Springfield. The takeoff logic is the same, but the labor rates, soil conditions, and local amendments differ, so we adjust the pricing by ZIP code and note where a local condition changes the scope. If your project spans multiple municipalities, we can deliver one estimate with the pricing broken out by location so you can see the difference.
The permit figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey for 2025, covering permits issued by the city itself for new privately-owned residential units only. That means the counts exclude commercial, industrial, and government permits, and they exclude renovations. The 2025 survey shows 2,107 total residential units in Boston, up 18 percent from 1,789 in 2024, with 1,879 multifamily units and 228 single-family units. Use these as a demand signal, not as a scope list for your bid.
Use the get an estimate page to upload your plan set, specifications, and any scope notes. Tell us the project type, the address or ZIP code, the bid date, and whether you need union or prevailing-wage rates. If you have a previous estimate or a competitor's bid you want checked, include it and we will compare line by line. We will confirm receipt and tell you the turnaround before we start.
Upload your plan set and specs and we will return a division-by-division takeoff in Excel and PDF, typically within 24 to 48 hours.