Sitework takeoff
Clearing, mass excavation, rock removal and storm structures for Fall Line sites and James River floodplain lots.
CY · LF · TONWe prepare quantity takeoffs and construction estimates for Richmond contractors, developers and owners. Deliverables arrive in 24–48 hours, organized by CSI MasterFormat division in Excel and PDF with marked-up plan sets.
Richmond pricing turns on four things: downtown adaptive-reuse and infill structural work, James River floodplain and riverfront sitework, Piedmont residual clay and shallow rock excavation, and a multifamily-heavy residential pipeline. The city issued 2,681 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, 86% of them multifamily, so unit-count-driven takeoffs dominate.
Richmond sits on the Fall Line, where the Piedmont meets the Coastal Plain. That geology shows up in every takeoff: shallow rock and residual clay on western and northside sites, softer alluvium and higher water tables near the James River. A footing schedule that prices cleanly in Short Pump can overrun in Church Hill once rock excavation and dewatering enter the bid.
The city's permit mix reinforces the point. In 2025 Richmond issued 2,681 new privately-owned residential units, up 6% from 2,540 in 2024, with 2,313 of them multifamily. That is 86% of the residential pipeline in one product type, and it drives unit-count takeoffs, repeated floor-plate assemblies and long MEP runs rather than one-off custom homes. Our Virginia construction estimating services cover the whole state, and we handle multi-family estimating for the Richmond conversions and infill projects that follow this pattern. If you also bid in Virginia Beach or Norfolk, we keep the same format so your bid tabs line up.
For bidders. You need a takeoff you can defend line by line. We return quantities by CSI division with marked-up plan sets, so you can trace every CY, LF and TON back to the sheet before the bid date.
For builders. You are buying out trades and tracking change orders. We price with ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor rates, so your budget reflects Central Virginia costs instead of a national average.
For owners. You are testing a pro forma before committing. We give you a division-level estimate and clear scope assumptions, so you know what is excluded before you sign.
Select a bar to compare Richmond with the largest Virginia markets we cover.
2,681 new housing units in 2025 (+5.6% vs 2024).
368 single-family · 2,313 multifamily (86%).
The 2025 numbers are unambiguous. Richmond issued 2,681 new privately-owned residential units, and 2,313 of those, or 86%, were multifamily. Single-family permits totaled 368. Permitted value reached $395M, an average of $147,400 per unit. For bidders, that means your Richmond workload is likely wood-frame or podium multifamily, adaptive reuse of older downtown stock, or infill townhomes, not scattered custom homes. Unit-count takeoffs matter more than square-foot rules of thumb: repeated unit types, stacked wet walls, corridor MEP runs and elevator or stair cores drive cost. The average value per unit is a useful sanity check, but it blends structure, finishes and sitework, so do not bid from it alone. See our Virginia construction estimating services page for how we structure these estimates by division.
Richmond ranks 1 of 25 among the covered Virginia cities by residential units permitted, with 26.4% of the 10,138-unit covered total. That concentration means local trade pricing is competitive but capacity is tight, and subcontractor quotes move. We adjust material and labor pricing by ZIP code so your Richmond number is not a statewide blend. If your work reaches the coast, our Hampton and Newport News pages cover how soil, water table and stormwater requirements shift the sitework and foundation scope.
Every deliverable is organized by CSI MasterFormat division, in Excel and PDF, with marked-up plan sets. Most projects return in 24–48 hours; rush is available.
Clearing, mass excavation, rock removal and storm structures for Fall Line sites and James River floodplain lots.
CY · LF · TONFootings, slab-on-grade, podium decks and retaining walls priced with formwork and reinforcement separated.
CY · SF · LBSpread footings, deep foundations and waterproofing for Piedmont clay and high-water-table riverfront parcels.
CY · LF · SFWood-frame multifamily and infill townhomes, with studs, plates, headers and sheathing counted by wall type.
LF · EA · SFTPO, EPDM and steep-slope assemblies for adaptive-reuse buildings and new multifamily roofs.
SQ · LFPlumbing, HVAC and electrical takeoffs for repeated unit plans, corridors and central plant rooms.
LF · EA · TONSingle-family and townhome estimates for the 368-unit-permit segment, priced by trade and division.
SF · EA · LFOffice, retail and institutional fit-outs in the downtown and West Broad corridors, with scope exclusions listed.
SF · EA · LS86% of 2025 residential permits were multifamily, so you bid repeated floor plates and long MEP runs. We return division-level quantities you can carry straight into your bid tab.
You need a budget before land close, not a bid. We price existing-structure unknowns separately so your pro forma shows what the shell conversion actually carries.
Fall Line rock and residual clay make excavation quantities the swing item on your bid. We take off rock by area and depth so you can price the overrun before you sign.
You want a third-party quantity check on your own drawings. We mark up the plan set and return quantities by CSI division, so you can compare against the contractor's numbers.
You are budgeting reroofs, MEP replacements and envelope repairs on occupied buildings. We break the work by trade and phase so you know what to fund first.
Your historical unit costs come from another region. We price with ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor rates so your first Central Virginia bid is not underpriced.
We take off plans for projects across the City of Richmond, Henrico County, Chesterfield County and the surrounding metro. Send the address with the drawings and we price to that location.
Richmond's 2025 permit mix ran heavily to multifamily, with 2,313 of 2,681 new privately-owned residential units in that product type. That shapes what we take off most weeks, alongside the renovation and commercial work the city's older building stock generates.
Unit-count takeoffs with repeated floor plates, corridor MEP runs, elevator and stair cores, and amenity areas. We separate base building from unit fit-out so your buyout packages line up with how you award trades.
Watch for: Unit mix counts, corridor lengths, riser stacks, balcony areas
Warehouse and mill buildings in Shockoe Bottom and Scott's Addition converted to apartments. Existing masonry, unknown floor framing and new MEP risers through old structure drive the estimate more than the new finishes do.
Watch for: Structural reinforcement, new openings, riser penetrations
Narrow lots in Church Hill, Manchester and the Northside with party walls, tight staging and per-unit utility laterals. Quantities repeat per unit, but foundation and sitework vary lot to lot along the Fall Line.
Watch for: Party wall details, per-unit laterals, tight-lot excavation
368 single-family units were permitted in 2025, split between West End custom homes and suburban production lots in Henrico and Chesterfield. Framing, roofing and MEP take off by plan type rather than by unit count.
Watch for: Roof geometry, window schedules, HVAC zoning
Retail shells, restaurants, medical offices and mixed-use podium buildings along Broad Street and in the suburbs. Tenant fit-out allowances and MEP capacity are the line items that move the number most.
Watch for: Fit-out allowances, grease and hood venting, electrical service
Distribution and light manufacturing space near the Port of Richmond and the I-95 and I-64 corridors. Slab flatness, racking loads, dock equipment and sprinkler coverage set the cost, not the finishes.
Watch for: Slab thickness, dock packages, NFPA 13 coverage
Two bids on the same Richmond drawings can differ by double digits before anyone touches a markup. These are the drivers we price explicitly instead of burying in a contingency line.
Richmond reviews plans under the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code, which adopts the IBC, IRC, IECC and NEC families with state amendments. Review comments on egress, fire separation and energy compliance can force drawing revisions after you have priced the job, so we carry the code edition and any approved alternates as stated assumptions. Confirm the adopted edition and any local amendments with the Richmond building department before you lock your bid.
Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code · IBC · IECC · NECThe city sits where the Piedmont meets the Coastal Plain. Western and northside sites hit shallow rock and residual clay, which drives rock excavation, undercut and backfill quantities. Sites closer to the James River run to alluvium, soft clays and higher groundwater, which drives over-excavation, engineered fill and dewatering. We take off foundation and sitework quantities by area and depth rather than applying one soil assumption to the whole parcel.
Rock excavation · Residual clay · Alluvium · DewateringThe James River floodplain and the city's combined sewer areas affect both what you can build and what you must install. Stormwater management, erosion and sediment control, and floodplain elevation requirements add sitework and utility scope that a plain building takeoff misses. We separate these items into their own division so you can see the civil cost before comparing it to the building cost.
James River floodplain · Stormwater management · Erosion and sediment control · Combined sewerRichmond competes for crews with the Northern Virginia data-center corridor and Hampton Roads port and military work, and prevailing wage requirements apply on federally funded projects. Labor rates and productivity assumptions move the number more than material pricing on labor-heavy scopes like masonry, drywall and MEP rough-in. We price labor from ZIP-code-adjusted data and flag where a union or prevailing wage rate changes the basis.
Prevailing wage · Davis-Bacon · Trade labor supply · ZIP-code-adjusted ratesDowntown and Fan District projects mean alley access, no laydown area, street closures and crane permits. Suburban Henrico and Chesterfield sites allow normal staging but carry proffers, utility extension and road-improvement obligations. We ask for the site plan and the staging plan before pricing general conditions, because access changes hoisting, concrete placement and material handling costs on the same building.
Alley access · Crane permits · Proffers · Utility extensionRichmond is an I-95 and I-64 distribution point, so structural steel, precast and mechanical equipment freight is generally straightforward. Virginia has no local sales tax on most construction materials beyond the state rate, but the City of Richmond levies a business license tax and machinery and tools tax that affect a contractor's overhead. We note the tax basis in the estimate assumptions rather than folding it silently into unit prices.
I-95 · I-64 · Business license tax · Machinery and tools taxThe same set of drawings prices differently in Richmond than it does in Hampton Roads or Northern Virginia. These are the trades where local ground, code and market conditions change the quantities we carry.
Along the Fall Line, weathered granite and quartzite sit close to grade on lots west of the city, so a takeoff that assumes rippable soil will miss rock excavation, hoe-ram time and offsite disposal. On the flat river terraces east of downtown, the problem flips: high groundwater and silty clays drive undercut, select fill and dewatering. We quantify cut and fill from the grading plan, then carry separate lines for rock, unsuitable material and haul-off rather than burying them in a lump-sum allowance. For a full sitework breakdown, see our sitework estimating services.
Most Richmond residential work is wood-frame over a masonry or concrete base, so framing takeoff runs off the floor plans and elevations: plates, studs at 16 in. o.c., headers, joists, sheathing and blocking. We count openings and add jack and trimmer studs rather than applying a flat percentage. Roof geometry matters here because the region sees both wind-driven rain and occasional snow, so we check eave overhangs, ice-and-water membrane limits and valley flashing against the elevations. Wall heights above 9 ft, engineered floor systems and steel beams in open plans are called out separately. Framing estimating services handles this division in detail.
Mechanical, electrical and plumbing takeoff on Richmond projects follows the fixture and equipment schedules, not the plan notes. We count plumbing fixtures, floor drains, cleanouts, water closets and lavatories, then measure branch piping and DWV runs by diameter. HVAC scope splits by system type — split systems, packaged units, VRF or mini-splits — with ductwork taken off by linear foot and pound of sheet metal. Electrical runs from the panel schedule: devices, home runs, conduit and wire by gauge, plus lighting fixtures and gear. Kitchen and bath remodels in older homes often require service upgrades that the drawings omit. See MEP estimating services for the full division 22/23/26 breakdown.
Richmond's residual soils and older urban lots push foundation scope toward grade beams, pier footings and mat slabs rather than simple strip footings. We take off formwork by contact area, not by slab area, and separate 3,000 psi from 4,000 psi mixes because the mix design changes the unit price. Slab thickness, vapor barrier, welded wire vs. fiber mesh, and doweled construction joints all get their own lines. Crawlspace vs. slab-on-grade decisions on infill lots often change the concrete quantity by a third, so we price the foundation package both ways when the drawings are ambiguous. Our foundation estimating services cover the full division 03 scope.
Roof takeoff in Richmond means measuring slope areas, not plan areas. We run three-tab vs. architectural shingle, underlayment, drip edge, valley metal, ridge vent and pipe boots as separate lines, then apply waste factors by roof complexity — typical ranges are 10% on simple gables and 15% or more on cut-up roofs with multiple valleys. Low-slope sections on commercial and mixed-use buildings move to TPO or modified bitumen with tapered insulation and crickets. Flashing at chimneys, dormers and wall intersections is where most bids underrun. Roofing estimating services covers steep- and low-slope assemblies.
Quick check for a single element. For a full drawing set, send the plans and we measure everything, including the items calculators miss.
Typical waste: 3–5% for slabs, 5–10% for footings and walls. Truck count assumes 10 CY loads; confirm load size with your ready-mix supplier.
Need the full takeoff with pricing? Upload your plans.
| Section | Line item | Qty | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03 30 00 | Slab on grade, 4,000 psi, 5 in. | 1,850 | SF |
| 03 30 00 | Pier footings, 24 in. x 24 in. | 42 | EA |
| 05 12 00 | Structural steel beams and columns | 3,600 | LB |
| 06 10 00 | Wall framing, 2x6 studs at 16 in. o.c. | 4,250 | LF |
| 06 10 00 | Floor joists, engineered I-joists | 2,900 | LF |
| 07 30 00 | Architectural shingles, 30-yr | 6,400 | SF |
| 09 29 00 | Gypsum board, 5/8 in. Type X | 18,700 | SF |
| 22 11 00 | Domestic water piping, PEX | 1,950 | LF |
This example uses illustrative dimensions for a three-story wood-frame building in Richmond. The roof is a gable with two dormers and a rear valley, and we are taking off 7/16 in. OSB sheathing. The point is to show how pitch, overhangs and waste move the number — not to quote a price.
Step 1: measure the plan footprint. The building is 40 ft wide by 60 ft long, so the plan area is 2,400 SF.
Step 2: convert to sloped area. A 6/12 pitch has a slope factor of 1.118 (the square root of 1 + (6/12)²). Multiply plan area by the slope factor: 2,400 × 1.118 = 2,683 SF of sloped roof surface.
Step 3: add overhangs. A 12 in. overhang runs the full perimeter of 200 LF, adding 200 SF of sloped area. Total sloped area: 2,683 + 200 = 2,883 SF.
Step 4: apply the waste factor. With two dormers and a valley, we use 12% waste rather than the 10% typical for a simple gable. 2,883 × 1.12 = 3,229 SF. Round up to 3,230 SF.
Step 5: convert to sheets. A 4 ft x 8 ft sheet covers 32 SF. 3,230 ÷ 32 = 100.9 sheets, so 101 sheets. Add 2 sheets for cuts around the dormers and valley, for a total of 103 sheets.
| Step | Calculation | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Plan area | 40 ft × 60 ft | 2,400 SF |
| Sloped area | 2,400 × 1.118 | 2,683 SF |
| Plus overhangs | 200 LF × 1 ft | 2,883 SF |
| Waste at 12% | 2,883 × 1.12 | 3,230 SF |
| Sheets | 3,230 ÷ 32 SF | 101 sheets |
| Cut allowance | +2 sheets | 103 sheets |
If the drawings show a 9/12 pitch instead, the slope factor rises to 1.25 and the sloped area jumps to 3,000 SF before overhangs — about 12% more sheathing. That is why we read the roof plan before we price the framing package. Confirm sheathing thickness and nailing schedule with the local building department, since the adopted code edition drives those requirements.
Multi-family buildings dominate the permit volume here, so a large share of our Richmond work is wood-frame apartment and townhome packages, including framing, sheathing, roofing, drywall and MEP rough-in. We also price single-family infill, mixed-use buildings, and commercial tenant fit-outs downtown and in the surrounding counties. Because the city issues far more multifamily units than single-family units, our multi-family estimating services and commercial estimating services get the most use on Richmond bids.
West of the city, weathered rock and saprolite often sit within a few feet of grade, so we carry separate lines for rock excavation, hoe-ram time, and haul-off instead of a single excavation allowance. On the flatter river terraces, high groundwater and silty clays drive undercut, select fill, and dewatering. The grading plan and geotechnical report tell us which condition applies. If the report is missing, we note the assumption in the estimate so you can price the risk.
Yes. We cover the surrounding counties and the nearby cities in the LINKS list, including Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Norfolk, Newport News, Hampton and Alexandria. Pricing is adjusted by ZIP code for material and labor, so a Chesterfield County address prices differently from a downtown Richmond address. If your project is in the state but not in one of those cities, start with our Virginia construction estimating services page and send the plans.
Send the plan set, elevations, structural drawings, and any specifications or schedules you have. A geotechnical report helps on sitework, and a finish schedule helps on interiors. If the drawings are incomplete, we note the assumptions in the estimate rather than guessing silently. Most projects turn around in 24 to 48 hours, and rush service is available when a bid deadline is close.
We carry permit fees, plan review, and third-party inspections as line items on the general conditions page, based on the project type and valuation. Code requirements that affect quantities — fire-rated assemblies, egress dimensions, energy code envelope values — are reflected where the drawings show them. Because Virginia adopts code editions on its own schedule, confirm the currently adopted edition with the local building department before finalizing any code-driven scope.
The figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey for 2025, which counts new privately-owned residential units permitted by the city itself. In Richmond, 2,681 units were permitted, up 6% from 2,540 the previous year, with 2,313 multifamily units and 368 single-family units. The permitted value was $395M, or $147,400 per unit on average. The survey does not include commercial or industrial permits, so it understates total construction activity.
Yes. Renovations in older housing stock need a different takeoff approach: we measure existing conditions from the drawings, flag selective demolition separately, and carry allowances for concealed conditions such as knob-and-tube wiring, undersized framing, or asbestos-containing materials. Service upgrades and panel replacements are common scope gaps on these projects. If the drawings show only the new work, we note what we assumed about existing conditions so your bid is transparent.
We deliver Excel and PDF files organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets showing what we measured. Each line item carries a quantity, unit, and description so you can check our math against the drawings. We use Bluebeam Revu, PlanSwift, and RSMeans data, with material and labor pricing adjusted by ZIP code. That format makes it straightforward to compare our quantities against a subcontractor's bid or your own historical costs.
We can. Roofing takeoff is often requested on its own for re-roof and repair bids, especially on the older housing stock where roof geometry is complex. We measure sloped areas, apply slope factors, and carry underlayment, flashing, vents, and drip edge as separate lines. Waste factors run higher on cut-up roofs with dormers and valleys. Our roofing estimating services page covers the assemblies we price most often in this region.
Most projects turn around in 24 to 48 hours. Larger multi-family packages with full MEP take longer, and we will tell you the schedule before we start. Rush service is available when a bid date is close. Send the plans through our get an estimate page and we will confirm scope, format, and delivery date before any work begins.
Email your plan set and we will return a division-organized estimate with marked-up drawings, typically within 24 to 48 hours.