Foundation takeoff
Post-tension slab and pier-and-beam quantities by pier depth, grade beam size and cable layout for expansive Bell County clay.
CY · LF · EAKilleen issued 910 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, 46% multifamily, at an average permitted value of $219,600. We produce CSI MasterFormat takeoffs and estimates for builders working Bell County and the Fort Cavazos corridor.
Bell County blackland clay and expansive soils drive foundation and sitework cost; Fort Cavazos rotates demand between multifamily and single-family; windstorm and hail exposure sets roofing and envelope specs; ZIP-adjusted labor pricing differs from Austin and Waco; and 46% multifamily share means two very different estimate structures on the same desk.
Killeen sits in Bell County, where the dominant soil is expansive blackland clay that shrinks and swells with moisture. That single fact changes how you price a slab: post-tension cable layouts, pier-and-beam alternates, and under-slab plumbing coordination all get line items that a Central Texas limestone job never sees. If you are bidding a subdivision off Stagecoach Road or a multifamily infill near Fort Cavazos, the foundation section is where your number is won or lost. Our foundation estimating services start there, with unit costs by pier depth and grade beam size rather than a lump sum.
The 2025 permit data shows 910 new privately-owned residential units in Killeen, down about 20% from 1,134 in 2024, with 420 of those units multifamily. That mix matters: a 300-unit garden-style apartment estimate carries different divisions, different waste factors, and a longer MEP takeoff than a 40-lot single-family subdivision. We handle both, priced with ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor rather than a statewide average. See the Texas construction estimating page for how we handle the rest of the state.
For bidders. You need a number you can defend in a hard-bid room. We return CSI-organized takeoffs with marked-up plan sets so every quantity traces back to a sheet, in 24–48 hours for most projects.
For builders. You are buying out trades weekly. We price framing, foundation, roofing and MEP as separate bid packages, with waste factors you can adjust, so your purchase orders match the estimate.
For owners. You are comparing a budget to a guaranteed maximum price. We reconcile the two by division, flag scope gaps, and show the assumptions behind each allowance before you sign.
Select a bar to compare Killeen with the largest Texas markets we cover.
910 new housing units in 2025 (-19.8% vs 2024).
490 single-family · 420 multifamily (46%).
Killeen permitted 910 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, down about 20% from 1,134 the prior year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey. Multifamily accounted for 420 units, or 46% of the total, and permitted value ran about $200M at an average of $219,600 per unit. For a bidder, the signal is that the pipeline is thinner but more concentrated: fewer scattered single-family starts, more mid-size multifamily and build-to-rent packages. That favors estimators who can price a full multi-family estimating services package — unit-mix matrices, amenity buildings, site retaining — rather than only tract homes. Killeen ranked 18 of 25 among the covered Texas cities by units, with 1.3% of the covered state total of 72,008.
Expansive clay is the first cost driver. Expect pier-and-beam alternates, post-tension slab designs, and higher excavation and backfill quantities than a Hill Country job. Summer heat and hail exposure push roofing specs toward Class 4 impact-rated shingles, which changes both material cost and the tear-off and decking line items in roofing estimating services. Sitework is the second driver: grading, lime stabilization, and drainage swales on flat lots, priced in cubic yards and linear feet rather than acres. If your project is closer to the Waco or Temple side, soil conditions shift and so does the estimate; our Texas construction estimating overview covers the regional differences. For projects near the Fort Cavazos gate, we also see prevailing-wage and access-control requirements that add to general conditions.
We price the divisions that actually carry cost in Bell County — foundation, sitework, framing, roofing and MEP — plus the full CSI set when you need it.
Post-tension slab and pier-and-beam quantities by pier depth, grade beam size and cable layout for expansive Bell County clay.
CY · LF · EAMass excavation, lime stabilization, drainage swales and utility trenching priced from the civil sheets, not from an allowance.
CY · LF · TONWall, floor and roof framing by member size and spacing, with waste factors you can adjust before you send the bid.
BF · LF · EAClass 4 impact-rated shingle systems, underlayment, flashing and decking for Killeen hail exposure, plus wall assemblies.
SQ · LF · SFPlumbing, HVAC and electrical counts by fixture, tonnage and device, with under-slab coordination for slab-on-grade plans.
EA · TON · LFUnit-mix matrices, amenity buildings and site work for the 420 multifamily units permitted in Killeen in 2025.
UNIT · SF · EASlabs, sidewalks, driveways and curb priced by thickness and reinforcement, including saw-cut and joint layout.
CY · SF · LFScope split by trade with exclusions and clarifications, so your subcontractor bids line up with the same takeoff.
DIV · PKG · LSYou are hard-bidding Killeen ISD additions, city utility work, and retail shells along Veterans Memorial Boulevard, and you need a division-by-division number you can defend before you sign a lump-sum contract.
You bid concrete, framing, and MEP packages in Bell County and need quantities from the sheets you were actually sent, not a square-foot allowance that ignores pier depth or roof pitch.
With 420 of Killeen's 910 permitted units multifamily, you are comparing garden-style walk-ups and three-story wraps, and you need unit-by-unit takeoffs for repeated floor plans and shared amenity buildings.
You are running 40-lot phases off Stagecoach Road or near Clear Creek, buying trades weekly, and you need framing, foundation, and roofing quantities that match your purchase orders lot by lot.
You need a cost check at design development so your client sees the impact of a post-tension slab versus pier-and-beam before the permit set is finalized in Bell County.
You are budgeting repairs, tenant improvements, or a Fort Cavazos-adjacent commercial project and need a scope breakdown that separates base building from your own fixtures and equipment.
We estimate projects across Bell County and the surrounding Central Texas market, from central Killeen infill to new subdivisions on the city's edges. If your plans are stamped for a jurisdiction in this list, we can price them.
Killeen's 2025 permit mix is 490 single-family and 420 multifamily units, so most of our local takeoffs split between subdivision housing and apartment or townhome packages. The remaining work is commercial and institutional tied to the Fort Cavazos population and Bell County services.
Lot-by-lot takeoffs for production builders, including post-tension slab quantities, pre-engineered truss counts, and per-lot MEP rough-in. We price waste factors by trade so your purchase orders match what the crews actually pull.
Watch for: Per-lot concrete volume, truss count, and under-slab plumbing layout.
Three-story walk-up and wrap buildings with repeated unit plans. We take off one unit type completely, then multiply and adjust for corner units, stair towers, and shared amenity buildings so the total reconciles to the rentable area.
Watch for: Unit-type multipliers, balcony and stair quantities, and fire-rated assemblies.
Party-wall construction with repeat foundations and roof geometry. We separate the building shell from the site package so you can see which division drives the per-unit cost when the lot width changes.
Watch for: Party-wall fire separation, shared foundation grade beams, and roof tie-ins.
Tenant-ready shells along commercial corridors, with demising walls, storefront glazing, and rooftop mechanical screening. We price the base building to the lease line and flag what remains for tenant improvement.
Watch for: Storefront systems, grease interceptor rough-in, and hood curb coordination.
Flex space and distribution buildings with tilt-wall or metal building shells, slab-on-grade, and dock equipment. We take off slab thickness, reinforcement, and dock packages separately so you can compare shell bids.
Watch for: Slab flatness, dock levelers, and fire sprinkler coverage.
School additions, municipal buildings, and medical offices where the spec book drives the number. We take off to the specified systems, including mechanical, electrical, and plumbing, and note where an allowance is the honest answer.
Watch for: Spec-driven equipment, low-voltage scope, and commissioning requirements.
Killeen pricing is not a statewide average. The variables below move the number most often on Bell County projects, and each one shows up as a line item or a clarifier in our takeoffs.
Killeen and Bell County review building permits under the locally adopted International Building Code and International Residential Code, and the adopted editions can differ between the city and the county. Wind and seismic design criteria, energy code compliance, and floodplain requirements all affect the drawings you bid from. Confirm the adopted code edition and any local amendments with the Killeen building department before you finalize your number.
City of Killeen building department · Bell County · IBC/IRC adopted editionsThe blackland clay across this part of Central Texas swells when wet and shrinks when dry, so foundation design drives cost. Post-tension slabs, drilled piers, and grade beams are common, and the geotechnical report governs pier depth and spacing. We take off pier count, pier depth, and cable tonnage rather than pricing a square-foot slab, because a shallow slab bid on this soil is a losing position.
Geotechnical report · post-tension slab · drilled piers and grade beamsCentral Texas summers push mechanical equipment sizing and roof insulation values higher than a mild-climate estimate would assume. Hail risk drives roofing material selection and steep-slope underlayment requirements. Wind uplift ratings affect roof attachment, sheathing nailing, and window ratings. We carry these as separate line items so you can see the cost of upgrading from the minimum code.
IECC climate zone · wind uplift ratings · hail-resistant roofing assembliesKilleen's labor pool is shaped by Fort Cavazos and the surrounding Bell County market, and trade availability swings by season and by project type. We price labor with ZIP-code-adjusted rates rather than a national average, and we separate straight-time from overtime assumptions. On fast-track schedules, the labor line is often the difference between a competitive bid and a losing one.
ZIP-code-adjusted labor rates · Fort Cavazos labor pool · Bell County trade availabilityMuch of the undeveloped land around Killeen slopes gently and drains poorly after heavy rain, so grading, retention, and storm sewer quantities vary widely from lot to lot. City subdivision and drainage criteria govern detention requirements. We take off cut and fill, erosion control, and utility trenching from the civil sheets, and we flag where a geotechnical report is still needed.
City subdivision and drainage criteria · detention requirements · cut and fill quantitiesKilleen sits between the Austin and Dallas material markets, so trucking and delivery costs depend on which supplier you buy from and how far the plant is. Concrete, structural steel, and mechanical equipment lead times move the schedule, and schedule moves the general conditions. Texas sales tax treatment varies by contract type, so confirm tax assumptions with your accountant before you lock a number.
Austin and Dallas supplier markets · concrete and steel lead times · Texas sales tax treatmentKilleen's mix of single-family and multifamily permits, Bell County's expansive clay, and Central Texas heat and hail each change what you measure, what you add for waste, and what you exclude. Here is how we handle the five trades that drive most of the cost on a Killeen job.
On Killeen sites, the first takeoff decision is how much of the clay you strip and replace versus lime-stabilize in place. We measure stripping by square yard at the building pad and pavement limits, then separate cut and fill into unclassified and rock, because Bell County limestone shows up shallow on the west side of town. Structural fill is quantified in compacted cubic yards, not loose, with a typical 1.15 to 1.25 shrink factor applied to the borrow. Trench excavation for wet utilities is measured by linear foot at depth bands. For a full division-by-division breakdown, see our sitework estimating services.
Killeen framing takeoffs are lumber-heavy, with engineered wood floor systems and roof trusses. We count studs by wall length and height with a typical 5 percent waste, then add plates, headers, and blocking by linear foot. Trusses are taken off by piece from the layout sheet, with a separate line for bracing and permanent lateral restraint. Sheathing is measured by sheet, not square foot, because cuts and openings drive the count. Wind uplift requirements in this part of Texas push up nailing and hardware quantities, so we list hurricane clips and straps by each. See framing estimating services for the full assembly.
In Killeen, HVAC takeoffs start with a manual J load, then convert to tonnage and ductwork by linear foot and fitting count. We measure supply and return trunk separately, with a typical 5 percent waste on flex duct. Plumbing is taken off by fixture count and linear foot of pipe by material, with gas lines sized from the riser diagram. Electrical is measured by device count, home runs, and panel schedules, with conduit and wire by linear foot. On multifamily, we split house lines from unit lines so you can see the per-unit cost. MEP estimating services covers all three disciplines.
Post-tensioned slabs are the norm on Killeen residential work, so we take off tendon footage and anchorages separately from concrete volume. Slab thickness is confirmed from the structural sheet, then converted to cubic yards with a typical 5 to 8 percent waste on ready-mix. Grade beams and pier caps are measured by linear foot and each. On multifamily podiums, we split slab-on-grade from elevated decks, because the formwork and shoring costs behave differently. Mix design matters here: sulfate-resistant cement is common where soils test high in sulfates. Our concrete estimating services cover slabs, piers, and tilt-up.
Hail is the cost driver on Killeen roofs. We measure roof area by slope and pitch, then add a typical 10 to 15 percent waste for hip and valley cuts on architectural shingles. Underlayment is taken off by square, and ice-and-water shield by linear foot at eaves and valleys. On commercial work, TPO or modified bitumen is measured by square with a separate line for tapered insulation crickets and edge metal. Flashing, pipe boots, and ridge vent are counted by each. Wind-rated shingles and Class 4 impact ratings change the material line, so we confirm the specification before pricing. Roofing estimating services covers both residential and commercial envelopes.
Quick check for a single element. For a full drawing set, send the plans and we measure everything, including the items calculators miss.
Typical waste: 3–5% for slabs, 5–10% for footings and walls. Truck count assumes 10 CY loads; confirm load size with your ready-mix supplier.
Need the full takeoff with pricing? Upload your plans.
| Section | Line item | Qty | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03 30 00 | Slab-on-grade, 4 in. | 38 | CY |
| 03 30 00 | Post-tension tendons | 2,400 | LF |
| 05 12 00 | Structural steel columns | 6 | EA |
| 06 10 00 | Framing lumber, 2x4 and 2x6 | 4,200 | BF |
| 06 10 00 | Roof trusses, 24 in. O.C. | 42 | EA |
| 07 30 00 | Architectural shingles | 32 | SQ |
| 23 31 00 | Flex duct, supply and return | 480 | LF |
| 26 05 19 | Romex, 12/2 and 14/2 | 3,600 | LF |
We are taking off the slab for a 2,400 sq ft single-family house on a post-tension foundation in Killeen. The dimensions below are illustrative; your plan will differ. The slab is 4 inches thick, with a 12 in. x 24 in. perimeter beam and two interior beams at 14 in. x 24 in.
| Step | Calculation | Quantity | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Slab area | 40 ft x 60 ft | 2,400 | SF |
| Slab volume | 2,400 SF x (4 in. / 12) | 800 | CF |
| Perimeter beam | 200 LF x (1 ft x 2 ft) | 400 | CF |
| Interior beams | 120 LF x (1.167 ft x 2 ft) | 280 | CF |
| Total volume | 800 + 400 + 280 | 1,480 | CF |
| Convert to CY | 1,480 / 27 | 54.8 | CY |
| Waste factor | 54.8 x 1.06 | 58.1 | CY |
Order 58 CY. The 6 percent waste is typical for a slab with beams, covering spillage and over-excavation at the beam lines. Add a separate line for the vapor barrier at 2,400 SF plus 10 percent laps, and for the post-tension tendons at roughly 2,400 LF based on the tendon layout. If the geotechnical report calls for lime stabilization, that is a separate division 31 line, not part of the concrete package. Confirm the mix design and any sulfate resistance requirement with the structural engineer before you price the ready-mix.
The permit numbers come from the U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey for 2025, which counts new privately-owned residential units permitted by the city itself. That means the 910 total units and the $200M permitted value cover single-family and multifamily housing only, not commercial or industrial permits. The survey also shows 490 single-family and 420 multifamily units, with multifamily at 46 percent of the total. Use these figures as a demand signal, not as a complete picture of Killeen construction activity.
Bell County clay swells and shrinks with moisture, so foundations here are typically post-tensioned slabs with deeper perimeter beams and sometimes piers. In a takeoff, that means more concrete volume, more tendon footage, and a separate line for pier excavation and concrete. If the geotechnical report recommends lime stabilization, we measure that by square yard of treated area and cubic yard of lime. We do not guess the treatment depth; it comes from the soils report. Confirm the requirement with the geotechnical engineer before pricing.
For dimensional lumber we use a typical 5 percent waste on studs, plates, and blocking, and we count sheathing by sheet rather than square foot because cuts and openings drive the count. Trusses are taken off by piece from the layout sheet, with bracing and hardware listed separately. If the plan calls for engineered wood I-joists, we measure by linear foot and add a typical 3 percent waste for cuts. These are starting points; your framer's practices may justify a different number.
We measure roof area by slope and pitch, then add a typical 10 to 15 percent waste for hip and valley cuts. Underlayment is taken off by square, and ice-and-water shield by linear foot at eaves and valleys. If the specification calls for Class 4 impact-rated shingles, we price that material line separately because it changes the cost. We also list ridge vent, pipe boots, and flashing by each. Confirm the wind uplift and impact rating required by the adopted code with the local building department.
Yes. Multifamily was 46 percent of permitted residential units in 2025, so we see a lot of garden-style and podium work. On those projects we split house lines from unit lines, so you can see the per-unit cost for plumbing, electrical, and HVAC. We also separate slab-on-grade from elevated decks, because formwork and shoring costs behave differently. For a full breakdown, see our multi-family estimating services.
Send the complete plan set, including architectural, structural, civil, and MEP sheets, plus the geotechnical report if you have it. We also need the specification book and any addenda. If you have a bid date, tell us so we can schedule the turnaround. We return an Excel workbook and PDF organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets. Most projects take 24 to 48 hours; rush is available. Get an estimate to start.
We use ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor pricing from RSMeans data, so the rates reflect the Killeen market rather than a national average. That matters because labor availability and prevailing wages in Bell County differ from Austin or Dallas. We do not publish a single wage number because it changes by trade and crew. If you have your own historical rates, we can apply them instead. Tell us which basis you prefer when you send the plans.
Yes. We cover Killeen and the surrounding region, including Grand Prairie, Brownsville, Denton, Pasadena, McAllen, and Amarillo. Each city has its own permitting office and code adoption, so we confirm the local requirements before pricing. For example, wind and hail exposure changes as you move across the state. If your project is outside these areas, send the address and we will confirm coverage. See our Texas construction estimating page for the full list.
We use Bluebeam Revu for plan markup and quantity extraction, PlanSwift for linear and area takeoffs, and RSMeans data for pricing. The deliverable is an Excel workbook and PDF organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets showing what we measured. That means you can audit any line item back to the drawing. If you use a different format, tell us and we will match it. We do not lock you into a proprietary platform.
Texas sales tax applies to most construction materials, but the rules on who pays and when vary by contract type. In a takeoff, we list material quantities and let you apply the tax rate that matches your purchase. We do not embed a tax rate in the unit price unless you ask. If you need a separate tax line, tell us the rate and we will add it. Confirm the current rate and any exemptions with the Texas Comptroller.
Send your plans and specs and we will return a CSI-organized estimate in 24 to 48 hours.