Sitework and excavation
Mass excavation, shoring, underpinning and dewatering quantities for steep lots and tight infill blocks where export haul-off is a real cost line.
CY · LFSan Francisco's 2025 residential permits jumped to 1,444 units from 770 the year before, and 99% of that is multifamily. We produce CSI MasterFormat takeoffs with ZIP-code-adjusted pricing for contractors bidding in the city and across the Bay Area.
San Francisco estimating is driven by soft-story retrofit and seismic upgrade requirements, steep hillside sites with poor soil and dewatering needs, dense infill logistics that limit staging and crane access, high permit and entitlement costs, and ZIP-adjusted material and labor pricing that runs well above national averages.
San Francisco permitted 1,444 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, up 88% from 770 in 2024, and 1,424 of those units — 99% — were multifamily. That mix tells you what bids here look like: mid-rise and high-rise apartment and condo shells, podium and below-grade parking, and a steady stream of ADU and single-family alterations on the 20 single-family permits issued. Average permitted value per unit came in at $199,200, so a small square-footage error on a 100-unit job moves real money.
We price to the ZIP code, not a national average, because Bay Area labor and material costs diverge sharply from the rest of California. If you are comparing this market to Southern California, the Los Angeles construction estimating page shows how differently those bids are structured. For the statewide picture on permitting costs and housing shortages, start with California construction estimating.
For bidders. You need a takeoff that survives review. We break out concrete, framing, MEP and sitework by CSI division, flag scope gaps, and mark up the plan set so your bid holds up when the GC asks where a number came from.
For builders. You are pricing hillside foundations, soft-story retrofit steel, and tight infill logistics. We quantify formwork, rebar, shoring and dewatering separately so you can see what the site is really costing you before you sign.
For owners. You want a budget before you commit to a design. We produce a division-level estimate with assumptions and exclusions written down, so you can compare contractor bids against a consistent baseline instead of three differently scoped proposals.
Select a bar to compare San Francisco with the largest California markets we cover.
1,444 new housing units in 2025 (+87.5% vs 2024).
20 single-family · 1,424 multifamily (99%).
The city issued permits for 1,444 new privately-owned residential units in 2025, up from 770 in 2024 — an 88% increase. Only 20 units were single-family; 1,424 were multifamily, or 99% of the total. San Francisco ranked 7th of 25 covered California cities by units and accounted for 3.9% of the 36,591 units permitted across those cities. For a bidder, that means the work is concentrated in multifamily: podium decks, post-tensioned slabs, unit-mix repetition, and the MEP rough-in density that comes with stacked floor plans. If you mostly build single-family, the volume here is thin, and you may find more of that work in San Jose construction estimating or Sacramento construction estimating.
Permitted value totaled $288M against 1,444 units, averaging $199,200 per unit. That average blends high-rise concrete, mid-rise wood-frame-over-podium, and a handful of single-family jobs, so do not apply it as a unit cost to any one project. The practical use is scale: on a 100-unit building, a 1% quantity error is roughly $200,000 of installed cost, which is why we break out formwork, reinforcing steel and MEP by system rather than carrying a lump-sum square-foot number. Confirm the adopted code edition — California Building Code, California Energy Code and local amendments — with the San Francisco Department of Building Inspection before you lock scope, since amendments change fire-rated assemblies and envelope details that carry cost.
We take off the trades that drive Bay Area bids, organized by CSI MasterFormat division and priced to the project ZIP code.
Mass excavation, shoring, underpinning and dewatering quantities for steep lots and tight infill blocks where export haul-off is a real cost line.
CY · LFPodium slabs, post-tensioned decks, mat foundations and retaining walls taken off by formwork contact area, rebar tonnage and concrete volume.
CY · SF · TONSpread footings, drilled piers, grade beams and soldier-pile or shotcrete shoring for hillside and adjacent-property excavation conditions.
CY · LF · TONWood-frame over podium, light-gauge infill and structural steel for soft-story retrofit and seismic upgrade scopes, counted by member and by board foot.
LF · BF · TONPlumbing, HVAC and electrical rough-in priced by fixture, by linear foot of pipe and conduit, and by device, with unit-count density checked against the floor plan.
EA · LFMembrane roofing, deck coatings, balcony and podium waterproofing, and below-grade dampproofing measured by area with typical waste factors applied.
SF · SQUnit-turn repetition takeoff for drywall, doors, casework, countertops and finishes, with per-unit quantities extended across the building's unit mix.
SF · EADivision-level estimate from sitework through finishes, with marked-up plans, assumptions, exclusions and alternates, delivered in Excel and PDF.
LSYou are bidding mid-rise multifamily in SoMa and Mission Bay, where the concrete package can swing the whole number. We quantify formwork, rebar and decking by floor so your bid holds up in scope review.
You need quantities you can buy from, not a lump sum. We deliver rebar tonnage, formwork SFCA and MEP counts by division, so you can price labor against a real takeoff instead of a percentage.
You are comparing a podium scheme against a Type III over Type I base before committing to design. We build the division-level budget with assumptions and exclusions written down so the options compare honestly.
You need a cost check while the drawings are still moving. We mark up the plan set with quantities you can trace back to a sheet, which keeps the design conversation about scope instead of about whose number is right.
You are budgeting a soft-story retrofit, an ADU or a tenant improvement on a rent-controlled building. We separate structural, MEP and finish scope so you can phase the work and see what each phase costs.
You are pricing a school, clinic or civic facility under prevailing wage and local hiring requirements. We structure the estimate by CSI division with labor broken out, so the bid form and the backup agree.
We estimate projects across San Francisco County and the Peninsula, from downtown high-rise cores to hillside infill. If your job sits in one of these areas, the site logistics and foundation conditions are already part of how we read the drawings.
The 2025 permit mix was 1,424 multifamily units against 20 single-family units, so multifamily shells and their supporting scopes dominate the work. The categories below are the ones we price most often here, and each carries its own takeoff traps.
Five to eight stories over a podium or below-grade garage, typically wood or steel frame above a concrete base. We take off the concrete, framing, exterior skin and MEP separately by floor so the GC can see where the cost sits.
Watch for: Podium transfer slab, deck waterproofing, unit-mix repetition
Concrete or steel towers with curtain wall, elevator cores and complex MEP risers. Quantities are large enough that a small error in slab thickness or curtain wall area moves the bid materially.
Watch for: Curtain wall SF, core concrete, riser shaft coordination
Garage conversions and rear-yard units on the city's narrow lots. Small scope, but the utility tie-ins and fire separation often cost more than the framing itself, so we break those out.
Watch for: Utility trenching, fire-rated assemblies, egress windows
Steel moment frames, shear walls and foundation strengthening in occupied buildings. Access and phasing drive the labor, so we quantify steel, anchor bolts and concrete separately from the general conditions.
Watch for: Steel tonnage, epoxy anchors, tenant relocation phasing
Restaurants, offices and ground-floor retail in older buildings. Existing conditions are the risk, so we carry allowances for structural repair, sprinkler relocation and ADA upgrades rather than guessing.
Watch for: Sprinkler relocation, ADA path of travel, hood and grease duct
Schools, clinics and public facilities where prevailing wage and local hiring rules apply. We structure labor by trade and division so the certified payroll and the bid form reconcile.
Watch for: Prevailing wage, DBE participation, phased occupancy
Two bids for the same drawings can differ by more than the drawings explain. These are the six variables that move San Francisco numbers the most, and how we handle each one in the takeoff.
San Francisco runs its own permit and plan-check process, and projects in the coastal zone or in historic districts can add review time and conditions that change scope. The adopted edition of the California Building Code and the local amendments are what govern your drawings, so confirm the current edition and any local amendments with the Department of Building Inspection before you price. We carry allowances for plan-check comments rather than assuming a clean first review.
California Building Code · Department of Building Inspection · CEQA review · historic district conditionsBay Mud, old fill and steep hillside lots drive foundation cost here more than in most markets. Mat slabs, drilled piers, underpinning and shoring are common, and dewatering shows up on sites near the water table. We take off excavation, shoring, rebar and concrete separately so you can see the foundation premium instead of burying it in a square-foot number. A geotechnical report changes the estimate more than any finish selection.
Bay Mud · drilled piers · shoring · dewateringSeismic design categories and local retrofit rules add steel, anchors and hold-downs that a generic takeoff will miss. Sprinkler and standpipe scope in mid-rise and high-rise work is substantial, and fire-rated assemblies affect both framing and finishes. We quantify the structural and fire-protection items from the drawings and note where the design team still needs to confirm the code path with the local building department.
Seismic Design Category · soft-story ordinance · NFPA 13 · fire-rated assembliesBay Area labor rates and crew availability sit well above the national average, and the trades you need for a tower core are not the ones you need for an ADU. We price labor by ZIP code and by trade, so a concrete package and a finish package are not carrying the same rate. Overtime, shift work and occupied-building constraints are listed as separate line items rather than folded into the base.
ZIP-code labor rates · union trades · overtime · occupied-building workNarrow lots, no staging area, restricted street hours and crane permits are normal here, and they change the general conditions line more than most bidders expect. We carry hoisting, temporary protection, street-use permits and debris removal as their own items. On hillside sites, the cost of getting material to the work face can exceed the material itself, so we quantify it rather than assuming a percentage.
Street-use permits · crane picks · hillside access · debris removalMost structural material is imported into the region, so freight and delivery scheduling are real cost drivers, and a delayed curtain wall or elevator package carries escalation. We use ZIP-code-adjusted material pricing and date the estimate so you know what market it reflects. Sales tax treatment on fabricated and installed material should be confirmed with your accountant, because it can change the bottom line on a large package.
Freight and delivery · escalation · ZIP-code material pricing · sales tax treatmentSan Francisco's steep lots, soft bay mud, and dense urban infill change what you measure and how you price it; below is how that plays out across the divisions we take off most often here.
On a sloped lot in Noe Valley or Twin Peaks, you are pricing excavation by the cubic yard against a shoring system, not just a cut. Soldier piles, lagging, tiebacks, and underpinning of adjacent structures are separate line items, and soil haul-off is measured in cubic yards with a bulking factor applied. Bay Mud in the Marina and South of Market means over-excavation and import fill, so you need both a neat-line quantity and a disposal quantity. If your bid only carries a lump sum for 'site prep,' you are missing the shoring and dewatering scope that drives cost on these jobs. Our sitework takeoff separates each of those items so your bid reflects what the geotech report actually requires.
San Francisco's seismic requirements mean moment frames, braced frames, and collector elements that carry more steel per square foot than you would see in most of the country. A takeoff has to separate wide-flange shapes by size and weight, count base plates and anchor bolts, and measure the moment connections by quantity, not by tonnage, because connection fabrication is priced per piece. On a mid-rise residential project, the steel is often a hybrid with concrete shear walls, so you need to know which system carries the lateral load before you can price the connections. If the drawings call out special concentrically braced frames, the gusset plates are a separate count. We take off steel by member and by connection so the fabricator's quote lines up with the drawings.
Fog and wind-driven rain off the Pacific mean roofing and waterproofing get specified with more layers than in drier parts of California. A takeoff measures roof area in squares, but it also counts base flashing by the linear foot, counterflashing by the linear foot, and roof drains by the each. On a flat roof over a residential podium, you have a traffic coating or a protected membrane assembly, and the insulation is measured separately from the membrane. Below-grade waterproofing on a basement wall is measured by the square foot of wall area, not floor area, and it includes the footing drain and the protection board. If your bid treats roofing as a single square-foot number, you are missing the flashing and detail work that carries the labor.
Foundations here are typically mat slabs or grade beams on drilled piers, not simple spread footings, because of soft soils and high water tables. A takeoff has to capture pier diameter, depth, and concrete volume by pier type, plus the reinforcing tonnage in the mat and the grade beams. Mat slabs in high-rise residential work run thick, and you measure them by the cubic yard with a waste factor that is lower than formed walls because there is less spillage. Post-tensioned slabs need tendon and anchor counts, not just concrete volume. If the structural drawings show a mat with a thickened edge, that edge is a separate formwork and concrete line item that gets missed on quick bids. Our concrete takeoff breaks out each element so nothing is buried in a single number.
In a San Francisco infill building, the ceiling plenum is often 18 to 24 inches deep, and that changes the MEP takeoff. You are measuring duct by the pound and by the linear foot with offsets and transitions counted, not just straight runs, because every fitting adds labor. Sprinkler heads are counted by type and by coverage area, and the branch lines are measured with a higher waste factor on threaded pipe than on grooved. Electrical feeders are measured by the linear foot with pull boxes counted at every change of direction. On a residential job, each unit gets its own plumbing rough-in count, and the fixture count drives the labor hours. Our MEP takeoff is organized so your mechanical and electrical subs can price from the same quantities.
Quick check for a single element. For a full drawing set, send the plans and we measure everything, including the items calculators miss.
Typical waste: 3–5% for slabs, 5–10% for footings and walls. Truck count assumes 10 CY loads; confirm load size with your ready-mix supplier.
Need the full takeoff with pricing? Upload your plans.
| Section | Line item | Qty | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03 30 00 | Mat slab concrete, 24 in thick | 420 | CY |
| 03 10 00 | Formwork, mat edge and grade beams | 1850 | SF |
| 03 20 00 | Reinforcing steel, mat and grade beams | 38 | TON |
| 31 63 16 | Drilled piers, 24 in diameter | 46 | EA |
| 05 12 00 | Structural steel, braced frames | 62 | TON |
| 07 51 13 | Modified bitumen roof membrane | 9800 | SF |
| 22 11 16 | Domestic water piping, 2 in and smaller | 3400 | LF |
| 26 05 19 | Electrical feeders, 4/0 AWG | 1250 | LF |
This example uses illustrative dimensions for a mat slab on a mid-rise residential project in San Francisco. You will need the structural drawings and the geotech report to replace these numbers with your own.
The mat is 80 ft by 60 ft, and the structural drawings show a uniform thickness of 24 in with a 12-in thickened edge along two sides. You measure the main mat area first, then add the thickened edge as a separate volume.
| Step | Calculation | Quantity | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Main mat area | 80 ft × 60 ft | 4,800 | SF |
| Main mat volume | 4,800 SF × 2.0 ft | 9,600 | CF |
| Thickened edge area | 2 sides × 80 ft × 1.0 ft | 160 | SF |
| Thickened edge volume | 160 SF × 1.0 ft | 160 | CF |
| Total neat volume | 9,600 CF + 160 CF | 9,760 | CF |
| Convert to cubic yards | 9,760 CF ÷ 27 | 361.5 | CY |
| Waste factor | 361.5 CY × 1.05 | 379.6 | CY |
The waste factor of 5% is typical for a mat slab placed by pump; formed walls and columns usually run higher because of spillage and cleanout. If the mat is post-tensioned, you would also count tendons and anchors separately, and the concrete volume stays the same.
On a San Francisco job, the concrete price has to include the pump, the finishing crew, and the curing compound, and you should confirm whether the mix design calls for a low-heat or sulfate-resistant mix because of the bay mud. Those requirements change the ready-mix price per cubic yard, so they belong in the takeoff notes, not in a general condition.
If the mat is placed in two pours, you have a construction joint with a waterstop, and that waterstop is measured by the linear foot along the joint. That is a separate line item from the concrete and from the reinforcing. Our concrete takeoff breaks out each of these so your supplier quote and your labor quote are based on the same quantities.
We see a mix of multi-family residential, mixed-use infill, and commercial tenant improvements, which lines up with the permit data: of the 1,444 new privately-owned residential units permitted in San Francisco in 2025, 1,424 were in multi-family buildings. Those projects bring shoring, drilled piers, and tight MEP plenums. We also estimate single-family renovations and additions on steep lots, where the sitework and foundation scope often exceeds the above-grade work. If you send plans for a project type not listed here, we will tell you whether we can take it off accurately.
The permit figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey for 2025, and they count new privately-owned residential units permitted by the city itself. They do not include commercial permits, tenant improvements, or alterations. In 2025, San Francisco permitted 1,444 residential units, up 88% from 770 in 2024, with a permitted value of $288 million. That works out to an average value per unit of $199,200. The city ranked 7th of 25 covered California cities by units, and accounted for 3.9% of the 36,591 units permitted across those cities.
Yes. On a San Francisco lot, shoring is often the largest sitework cost, and it needs its own takeoff. We measure soldier piles by the each, lagging by the square foot of exposed face, tiebacks by the linear foot, and underpinning by the linear foot of adjacent foundation. Excavation is measured by the cubic yard to the neat lines shown on the drawings, with a separate quantity for over-excavation and disposal. If the geotech report requires dewatering, that is another line item. When these are lumped together, you cannot tell which system is driving the cost.
We separate steel by member type and by connection. Wide-flange shapes are taken off by size and weight, base plates and anchor bolts are counted, and moment or braced-frame connections are counted by piece because fabrication is priced per connection. On a typical mid-rise, the lateral system might be special concentrically braced frames with gusset plates, and those gussets are a separate count. If the drawings call for a hybrid system with concrete shear walls, we note which elements carry lateral load so the connection pricing is not applied to the wrong members. This keeps the fabricator's quote aligned with the drawings.
Send the architectural, structural, and MEP drawings in PDF, plus any specifications, geotech report, and addenda. If you have a bid date, tell us so we can set the turnaround. We return an Excel workbook and a PDF organized by CSI MasterFormat division, with marked-up plan sets showing what we measured. For most projects, turnaround is 24 to 48 hours, and rush service is available. If a drawing set is incomplete, we will list the assumptions we made so you can confirm them before you bid.
Yes. We use ZIP-code-adjusted material and labor pricing from RSMeans data, so your quantities carry San Francisco costs, not a national average. That matters because labor rates and material freight into the city are higher than in most of California. The adjustment applies to each line item, so a concrete pour in the 94110 ZIP code is priced differently from the same pour in a lower-cost market. If you are bidding a project in a nearby city, we adjust for that ZIP code instead. You can see how we handle other markets on our California construction estimating page.
Yes. Tenant improvements are a large share of the work in the Financial District and SoMa, and they have their own takeoff logic. You are often working with existing structure, so you measure new partitions by the linear foot, new ceiling by the square foot, and new MEP by the fixture and device count. Demolition is a separate line item, and so is the patching of existing finishes. If the building is older, the drawings may not match field conditions, so we note where the scope depends on a site visit. Send the architectural and MEP plans and we will take it off.
Bay Mud changes both the quantity and the method. You may need over-excavation below the mat, import fill, and a dewatering system, and each of those is measured separately. Drilled piers are taken off by diameter and depth, with concrete volume by pier type and reinforcing tonnage by bar size. If the geotech report calls for a mat on piers, we measure the mat and the piers as separate line items. We do not guess at the soil conditions; we take off what the report and the structural drawings show, and we list any assumptions so you can verify them.
Waste factors vary by element. For a mat slab placed by pump, 5% is typical. For formed walls and columns, 7% to 10% is common because of spillage and cleanout. For roofing membrane, 10% is typical on a flat roof with few penetrations, and it goes higher on a roof with many drains and curbs. Rebar waste depends on bar lengths and lap splices, and we usually apply 3% to 5% unless the drawings show a specific lap schedule. These are typical ranges, not a substitute for your own supplier terms; we list the factor we used on every line.
Yes. We cover San Francisco and the surrounding Bay Area, as well as Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, Fresno, Sacramento, and Long Beach. Each market has its own labor rates, permit costs, and soil conditions, so the takeoff is adjusted for the project ZIP code. If you are comparing bids across two cities, we can take off the same scope in both and show you the cost difference. The state page lists the markets we cover, and you can send plans for any of them through our get an estimate page.
Send your drawings and bid date, and we will return a CSI-organized takeoff with San Francisco-adjusted pricing, typically within 24 to 48 hours.